The re-aphaelites rotherhood The Pre-Raphaelites Brotherhood Art of the dream Projec t

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The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was started in 1848 by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John Everett Millais and William Holman Hunt.

William Holman Hunt(1827 ‑ 1910) Our English Coasts, 1852 "We begin by telling the youth of fifteen or sixteen that Nature is full of faults, and that he is to improve her; but that Raphael is perfection, and that the more he copies Raphael the better; that after much copying of Raphael, he is to try what he can do himself in a Raphaelesque, but yet original manner: that is to say, he is to try to do something very clever, all out of his own head, but yet this clever something is to be properly subjected to Raphaelesque rules, is to have a principal light occupying one seventh of its space, and a principal shadow occupying one third of the same; that no two people's heads in the picture are to be turned the same way, and that all the personages represented are to have ideal beauty of the highest order..."

When it was first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1851, the display contained lines from Tennyson's "Mariana" (1830): She only said, 'My life is dreary, He cometh not,' she said; She said, 'I am aweary, aweary, I would that I were dead! John Everett Millais, Mariana (1851)

"Cattle-pieces and sea-pieces and fruit- pieces and family- pieces, the eternal brown cows in ditches, and white sails in squalls, and sliced lemons in saucers, and foolish faces in simpers.“ William Holman Hunt The Awakening Conscienc e Oil on canvas, 1853

What then, do we see in the early Pre-Raphaelite pictures? Dante Gabriel Rossetti Dante's Vision of Rachel and Leah 1855 The Girlhood of Mary Virgin by Dante Gabriel Rossetti 1848

The original three - Rossetti, Millais and Holman Hunt - recruited Rossetti's brother William Michael Rossetti, the sculptor Thomas Woolner, and two other students at the RA, James Collinson and Frederick George Stephens.

Collinson resigned in 1850, and was replaced (though not formally elected) by Walter Howell Deverell. However, the Brotherhood faded out quite quickly, as the three main members went in different artistic directions. Dante Gabriel Rossetti Hades and Persephone Dante Gabriel Rossetti"The Marriage of St. George and Princess Sabra" William Holman Hunt The Hireling Shepherd

Other artists working in the Pre-Raphaelite style in the 1850s included Henry Wallis, Ford Madox Brown, Robert Braithwaite Martineau, Arthur Hughes and William Windus Henry Wallis The death of Chatterton Ford Madox Brown «Work» Robert Braithw aite Martine au «The Last Day in the Old Home» Arthur Hughes « Fair Rosamun d » William Windus « Too Late »

Later, Rossetti inspired a new, younger generation of artists to follow the romantic, medieval type of painting which he himself produced, and these are also called Pre-Raphaelites, and sometimes referred to as the second generation The Tune of the Seven Towers(1857), watercolour

Most notably they include Edward Coley Burne-Jones and William Morris, and later Simeon Solomon and Evelyn de Morgan. The Star of Bethlehem 1890 William Morris « Queen Guinevere » Simeon Solomon « The Mystery Of Faith » Evelyn de Morgan « Night and Sleep », 1878

Several illustrators, such as Henry Justice Ford (who illustrated the Andrew Lang 'Fairy books') and Evelyn Paul were drawing in the Pre-Raphaelite style well past the turn of the century. Dresses & Tresses: Evelyn Paul illustrated Henry Justice Ford ~ The Emperor Meets the Three Sisters ~ The Violet Fairy Book by Andrew Lang ~ 1901

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