Aim: How did ancient China develop under the Shang and Zhou dynasties? Do Now: Take out homework – Paragraph Explain the positives and negatives of loess.

 Dynasty – a line of rulers who belong to the same family  Capital in city of Shang  Control of Yellow River delta

 Kings ruled over towns  Gave land to nobles – the rich who were often family members ◦ Nepotism – favoring relatives of those close to you  Agricultural society

 Shang Society King and Family Nobles Craft-workers Farmers Prisoners of War

 Written language  Oracles – people who could predict the future  Oracle bones – bones used by oracles to predict the future  Polytheism  Veneration of ancestors – pray to ancestors who could control human life

 Overthrows Shang dynasty in 1000s B.C.  Mandate of Heaven – nature maintained order in the world and the king ruled as a representative of heaven ◦ Chosen by the gods

 Dynastic Cycle - a dynasty would remain in power only as long as it was providing good government.  When a dynasty went into decline, and began to abuse its power, it was said to lose the Mandate of Heaven, or the favor of the gods.  A strong leader would usually emerge to claim the Mandate, and establish a new dynasty.  The dynastic cycle would then begin again.

 Aim: Explain the uniqueness of Shihuangdi’s Tomb.  Do Now: Take out Tomb of Shihuangdi worksheet  Explain the Dynastic Cycle

 221 B.C. – general of Qin wins battles and controls eastern China ◦ Emperor – supreme ruler of an empire ◦ Shihuangdi – “First Grand Emperor”  Geography protection ◦ Qinling Mountains ◦ Huang River

 Split empire into 36 provinces (political divisions of land)  Nobles move to capital – Xianyang  Single system of money

 Mirror of the real world  Clay army of soldiers and horses to protect emperor  Crossbows set up if tomb opened

 Explain Shihuangdi and the tomb of Shihuangdi.

Aim: How does Confucianism offer values that all people can learn from? Do Now: Take out homework Why is it important to take advice from someone older than you(parents, grandparents, aunt/uncles)

 Lived from B.C.  Lived through time of warfare  Suggested peaceful way to live  He says China has lost its traditions

 Stresses education to make people better  Better people make a better civilization  Respect of elders  Thoughts recorded in a book ◦ The Analects

 Founded by Lao Tzu  Teaches inaction and not action  Don’t try to control nature of things, act spontaneously and let nature take its course ◦ Opposite of Confucianism

 Construction begun by Shihuangdi  Protection from northern invaders  Most of it built in later generations ◦ 1300s to 1600s

Aim: How did the Han dynasty make grand achievements? Do Now: Take out Han Dynasty worksheet What was the purpose of the Great Wall?

 206 B.C. - Qin overthrown  General of rebels – Han Gaozu  Expanded borders north to Korea and south to Vietnam

 Confucius state  Civil service exam – government officials must be qualified for the job or pass a test ◦ No longer can they just be appointed by king

 Wudi – first strong emperor of Han  Grand School – empire’s best school ◦ Doctors, scientists, mathematicians, gov’t jobs  Invention of paper  Seismograph – machine used to detect earthquakes

 Trade routes that connected Asia and Europe  Silk was very popular trading item

 Take out Chapter Review