PC Support & Repair Chapter 3 Computer Assembly

Objectives After completing this chapter, you will meet these objectives: ▫ Open the case. ▫ Install the power supply. ▫ Attach the components to the motherboard and install the motherboard. ▫ Install internal drives. ▫ Install drives in external bays. ▫ Install adapter cards. ▫ Connect all internal cables. ▫ Re-attach the side panels and connect external cables to the computer. ▫ Boot the computer for the first time.

Open the Case Size & shape is the ? ▫ Form factor Prep your work area ▫ Lighting, antistatic mats, container for screws, clutter-free Each case opens differently

Install the Power Supply Fits one way Screws attach it to case

Install CPU/Heatsink/Fan Install CPU, heatsink & fan on MOBO before it goes in case ▫ Put on mat & wear strap DO NOT touch CPU contacts Notice where Notches/Pin 1/Arrow is

Installing the CPU

Install CPU Apply thermal compound ▫ Helps conduct heat away from CPU ▫ VERY SMALL amount If using an old CPU ▫ Clean off old compound ▫ Isopropyl alcohol ONLY & lint-free cloth

Heat Sink & Fan Heat sink draws heat away from CPU Fan draws heat away from heat sink Has a 3 or 4-pin power connector for fan

Install CPU, Heat Sink, and Fan Video

Activity- Number the Steps 1-7

Install RAM Make sure it’s compatible! More RAM= better performance Align notches Press until side tabs click

Install Motherboard Standoffs/spacers prevent MOBO from touching case Align I/O with case Align screw holes Tighten screws

Install the Motherboard Video

Activity- Number the Steps 1-6

Projects Computer Assembly Lab ▫ Install Motherboard, CPU, Heat sink/Fan, RAM

Install Internal Hard Drive Internal Bays ▫ 3.5” regular HD ▫ 2.5” smaller HD or SSD HDD ▫ Hard disk drive Screw drive into bay

Install Optical Drive 5.25” Drive Bay ▫ Accessed from outside of case Optical CD/DVD ▫ Molex power connector ▫ PATA (IDE/EIDE) data cable Screw into bay

Install Floppy Drive 3.5” Drive Bay ▫ Accessible outside case Floppy Drive (FDD) ▫ Berg power connector ▫ FDD data cable Screw into bay

Lab Computer Assembly Lab 5: Install Drives

Install Adapter Cards PCI (older) PCIe ▫ x1, x4, x8, x16, x32 ▫ Short to long ▫ Bigger #= more lanes NIC, Wireless NIC, Video Card Put in & screw in

PCIe Slots x4 x16 x1 x16 Old PCI

Lab Install Adapter Cards- TestOut

Connect the Power Cables Mobo power AUX Power Fan (3 or 4-pin) SATA power (15-pin) Molex power SATA to Molex Adapter

Activity- Identify the Power Cables

Connect the Data Cables SATA ▫ 7-pin keyed & locking On Motherboard On HD or Optical Drive

Connect the Data Cables PATA ▫ Ribbon ▫ 40 or 80-pin ▫ Stripe Pin 1  Closer to power

Connect the Data Cables Floppy ▫ 34-pin ▫ Stripe for pin 1 ▫ Put in backwards  Drive activity light flash

Lab Lab 7 & 8: Install Internal Power and Data Cables

Review- 4Q A SATA data cable has how many pins? ▫7▫7 A SATA power cable has how many pins? ▫ 15 How many pins is a current PSU to ATX Motherboard power connector? ▫ 24 Your CPU is overheating. What cable did you most likely not connect when building your PC? ▫ CPU fan

Connect Front Panel Cables Power button & LED lights ▫ Look in manual to see what you have Power button ▫ Hold for 5 seconds to power down Power & drive activity LEDs ▫ + is Pin 1 System speaker Front audio ports USB ports

Activity- Identify Front Connectors

Activity Lab 9: Install the front panel connectors

Finishing Up Check all internal connections first! Reattach Case with screws Connect external cables ▫ Monitor ▫ Keyboard ▫ Mouse ▫ USB ▫ Ethernet ▫ Power (LAST)

Booting Up 1 st Time BIOS does a check of internal components ▫ POST  All hardware works  Beeps indicate info  Codes differ!  GOOD= 1 usually  BAD= blank screen & multiple beeps

BIOS & CMOS BIOS (ROM) data saved to CMOS chip ▫ Controls communication between the OS & hardware ▫ BIOS reads configured settings in CMOS to configure the hardware ▫ Keeps power by lithium battery

Get into BIOS To enter/change BIOS settings… ▫ Press key during POST/Splash screen ▫ DEL or F12, depends on PC

BIOS Main – System time, date, HDD type, etc. Advanced – Infrared port settings, parallel port settings, etc. Security – Password settings to setup utility Others – Low battery alarm, system beep, etc. Boot – Boot order of the computer Exit – Setup utility exit

UEFI- Replacing BIOS Use and report differences in the twohttp://techpp.com/2013/12/19/uefi-vs-bios/

Chart Fill in the following: ▫ Firmware, OS, UEFI/BIOS, Hardware

Answers

Info in BIOS CPU ▫ Brand, Speed, How Many RAM ▫ Brand, Speed, Slots, Installed Slots HD ▫ Brand, Size, Type Optical Drive ▫ Brand, Type

BIOS Configurations Time & Date Disabling Devices ▫ Disable on-board video if using a video card Boot Order Clock Speed ▫ Reduce for cooler op ▫ Increase= faster but hotter (KEEP COOL)

BIOS Security Configurations BIOS Password ▫ Supervisor ▫ User (Full, Limited, View Only, None) Drive Encryption ▫ Wrong password, no boot or read data TPM ▫ Encryption keys Lojack ▫ Read & report Secure Boot ▫ Ensures boot of trusted OS

BIOS PC Health Temperature Fan Speeds Voltages of CPU or Mobo Clock & Bus Speeds Intrusion Detection ▫ If case has a switch Diagnostics

UEFI EZ & Advanced Mode

Activity- Identify Terms

Project Boot the Computer/ BIOS Lab

Upgrading the Motherboard If you upgrade/replace the motherboard, what else do you need to consider and do? What should you do if the PC always has the wrong time or loses config settings between shutdowns?

Upgrading & Installing More Why install more drives? After installing new hardware, install drivers ▫ A signed driver is one that passed the Windows hardware quality lab test. ▫ Installing an unsigned driver can cause system instability, error messages, and boot problems. ▫ During installation, if an unsigned driver is detected, you are asked whether you want to stop or continue the installation. Only install unsigned drivers if you trust the source of the drivers.

Project Lab Upgrade Hardware

Review- 16Q

Summary Computer cases come in a variety of sizes and configurations. Many of the computer components must match the form factor of the case. The CPU is installed on the motherboard with a heat sink and fan assembly. RAM is installed in RAM slots on the motherboard. Adapter cards are installed in PCI and PCIe expansion slots on the motherboard. Hard disk drives are installed in 3.5 in. (8.9 cm.) drive bays located inside the case. Optical drives are installed in 5.25 in. (13.34 cm.) drive bays that can be accessed from outside the case. Floppy drives are installed in 3.5 in. (8.9 cm.) drive bays that can be accessed from outside the case.

Summary Power supply cables are connected to all drives and the motherboard. Internal data cables transfer data to all drives. External cables connect peripheral devices to the computer. Beep codes signify when hardware malfunctions. The BIOS setup program displays information about the computer components and allows the user to change system settings. Computer components require periodic upgrades and replacement parts. Additional hard drives can provide fault tolerance and the ability to install additional operating systems.

PC Support & Repair Chapter 3 Computer Assembly