Before, During & After Reading Strategies 1

How does this topic fit into the RtII model? PA has defined its Secondary RtII framework around 6 major components: 2. Relational Support 4. Tiered Instructional Interventions 5. Data-Based Decision-Making 2

Using the Before, During, and After concept as an organizing structure… Teachers can plan experiences for: –individual readers –pairs, triads, or small groups –Whole class Use for any type of reading material: –literary –informational 3 Adapted from Penn Literacy Network

Before Reading strategies designed to link students’ experience to the text, access relevant prior knowledge, become acquainted with the scope and organization of the text before reading it 4

During Reading strategies designed to help students read constructively, to use a range of “types of transactions’ appropriate to the task, to capture initial personal responses 5

After Reading strategies designed to develop initial responses, to gather data about responses from students, to connect with other texts, to consolidate facts and ideas and to deepen and extend students’ responses 6

A Model for B/D/A Reading Activities Before: Effective Readers Skim a text Set a purpose for reading Activate prior knowledge Question text and background Predict Outcomes During: Effective Readers Use mental imagery Self-question Revise/verify predictions Paraphrase/summarize for meaning Recognize when meaning falters or stops Employ fix-up strategies After: Effective Readers Reflect Apply Share Re-read Draw conclusions Make judgments 7 Adapted from Penn Literacy Network

Interview Questions Activity 1.What are questions a teacher should ask students before a lesson or reading activity? 2.What are questions a teacher should ask students during a lesson or reading activity? 3.What are questions a teacher should ask students after a lesson or reading activity? 8

Before, During, and After Passage Reading Interventions for Before Passage Reading Introduce the pronunciation of difficult words Teach the meaning of critical vocabulary Activate or teach critical background knowledge Preview the passage Interventions for During Passage Reading Guide students in reading the passage Ask students questions to check understanding and to model active reading Engage students in using strategies Interventions for After Passage Reading Have students complete a graphic organizer Engage students in a discussion on the material Provide engaging vocabulary practice including activities Introduce strategies for completing assignments Guide students in planning, writing, and editing 9 Adapted from Anita Archer and based on REWARDS PLUS published by Sopris West

B/D/A Strategies Scaffolding Students’ Interactions with Text Click on the book! Investigate the reading strategies listed on the website. Complete the graphic organizer. Be prepared to share! 10