TODAY, October 6 – Finish labeling – Label Assignment due today Next Week – Gastro-intestinal Tract – Supermarket Savvy Reminders – Exam 1 Oct. 18 – See syllabus for all exam/assignment due dates

Deciphering Labels-part II The Language of Labels

Most Common Additives?? INGREDIENTS: Milled corn, sugar, enriched flour {wheat flour, reduced iron, niacinamide (vit B 3 ), riboflavin (vit B 2 ), thiamine hydrochloride (vit B 1 ) and folate}, corn syrup, molasses, salt, honey, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (one or more of the following oils; coconut, cottonseed or soybean oil), sodium ascorbate and ascorbic acid (vit C), zinc oxide, BHT (preservative), annato, folic acid, vitamin D and B-12.

Most Common Additives!! INGREDIENTS: Milled corn, sugar, enriched flour {wheat flour, reduced iron, niacinamide (vit B 3 ), riboflavin (vit B 2 ), thiamine hydrochloride (vit B 1 ) and folate}, corn syrup, molasses, salt, honey, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (one or more of the following oils; coconut, cottonseed or soybean oil), sodium ascorbate and ascorbic acid (vit C), zinc oxide, BHT (preservative), annato, folic acid, vitamin D and B-12.

Partial Hydrogenation…good or bad? INGREDIENTS: Milled corn, sugar, enriched flour {wheat flour, reduced iron, niacinamide (vit B 3 ), riboflavin (vit B 2 ), thiamine hydrochloride (vit B 1 ) and folate}, corn syrup, molasses, salt, honey, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (one or more of the following oils; coconut, cottonseed or soybean oil), sodium ascorbate and ascorbic acid (vit C), zinc oxide, BHT (preservative), annato, folic acid, vitamin D and B-12.

Bad! Means unhealthy Trans Fat is present INGREDIENTS: Milled corn, sugar, enriched flour {wheat flour, reduced iron, niacinamide (vit B 3 ), riboflavin (vit B 2 ), thiamine hydrochloride (vit B 1 ) and folate}, corn syrup, molasses, salt, honey, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (one or more of the following oils; coconut, cottonseed or soybean oil), sodium ascorbate and ascorbic acid (vit C), zinc oxide, BHT (preservative), annato, folic acid, vitamin D and B-12. Note: Trans fat NOT heart healthy-Found in processed foods with partially hydrogenated oil and in beef/beef byproducts

What does enriched mean? INGREDIENTS: Milled corn, sugar, enriched flour {wheat flour, reduced iron, niacinamide (vit B 3 ), riboflavin (vit B 2 ), thiamine hydrochloride (vit B 1 ) and folate}, corn syrup, molasses, salt, honey, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (one or more of the following oils; coconut, cottonseed or soybean oil), sodium ascorbate and ascorbic acid (vit C), zinc oxide, BHT (preservative), annato, folic acid, vitamin D and B-12.

‘Enriched’? whole grain  nutrient loss (i.e. vit, min, fiber, etc.)  heavily processed grain  add back some of lost nutrients  ‘enriched’ grain Think depleted!

‘Enriched’: Red flag-‘heavily processed’ Generally enriched foods are not top tier, nutrient dense (ND) foods Examples: white rice, white bread and many (most?) cereals use enriched grain (wheat, corn, rice)

Bring in the fortifications! Fortification is a red flag for ‘highly processed’ One+ nutrients added in amount greater than present before processed Use with cereal is common Sets stage for deceptive nutrient claims Increase risk of exceeding upper limit toxicity (UL)

More tricky names Juice ≠ Drink Orange Drink Mostly sugar-water flavored w/some real juice 100% Orange Juice The Real Deal : )

Legal (but confusing) Terms (but confusing)  Healthy-Limits cholesterol/fat/sodium/sat. fat No limit on sugar  Nuts, salmon, avocado fail. Pop Tarts pass?!?!?!  Natural- No synthetic/artificial ingredients Allows GMO’s/antibiotic use in animals  Free Range- No legal definition….yet!  Fresh- No preservatives, raw, never frozen, canned or heated. This is the only well defined term of the list!

Legal, but deceptive! Beware of label claims Some true, some bogus. Tough to differentiate. ADVICE! Ignore all claims and descriptors ! Remember! Product claims ≠ govt. guarantee a product is healthy.

Label Logos to Recognize

Quality Assurance Labels -Supplements USP and Consumer Lab (CL) Look for on supplements Assures accurate ingredient list Does NOT insure safety or effectiveness

Certified Fair Trade Typical products: coffee, tea, chocolate Pro: Safer working conditions, more f air wages paid; No child labor; environmental protections included Environmental safeguards requiredEnvironmental Con: Often higher priced, high C-footprint,‘luxury’ items Fair Traded items may be, but are NOT necessarily organic or healthy and are almost never locally grown!

Labeling of Organic Foods 100% organic = all ingredients are organically produced ‘Organic’= 95% ingredients organic ‘Made w/ organic ingredients’ >70% USDA seal NOT allowed

Organic Pros/Cons-you decide!  Better for environment  better for us!  Usually more expensive  NOT necessarily CFT, fresh or local!

Organic: (A few) USDA Qualifying rules Plants  no synthetic fertilizers, pest or herbicides x 3yrs.  no sewer sludge used; cannot be irradiated  no use of genetically modified (GMO) seedsgenetically modified (GMO) Animals  no factory farming conditions  no antibiotics/hormones (prevent disease/ promote growth)  no irradiation  fed 100% organically grown feed

Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) DNA of live organisms/cells, modified in a lab ~60%+ of US processed food has GMO content GMO label NOT required on US foods : ( Pros v. cons GMO unfolding over time Want to avoid it? Buy 100% organic Buy 100% organic or look for this NON-GMO certification Try Trader Joe’s products Whole Foods to be 100% NonGMO

CFT, Organic, Non-GMO Too pricey? Think before you buy! Better to increase intake of conventionally produced veggies/fruits than reduce intake because organic, CFT, non-GMO are not available and/or affordable. Do what you CAN!

Labels are Changing- July 26, 2018 Calorie listing is more obvious Vitamin Mineral listing changed Add Vit D, K+ Remove Vit A & C ‘Added sugar’ is separate entry

Standard portion for foods/beverages enlarged. ½ cup  2/3 cup 8 oz.  12 or 20 oz.

Good  Better  Best!!!!! Consume more food products that make few/any claims! Use ingredient list and Nutrition Facts panel as source of product info. Ignore the rest! How ‘bout consuming more foods that need NO LABEL at all, like vegetables and fruit????! In the meantime…….