doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 1 Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [TG3a-Wisair-CFP-Presentation] Date Submitted: [3 March, 2003] Source: [Gadi Shor] Company: [Wisair] Address: [24 Raoul Wallenberg st. Ramat Hachayal, Tel-Aviv, ISRAEL] Voice: [ ] FAX: [ ], Re: [ a Call for proposal] Abstract:[Wisair’s presentation for the P a PHY standard] Purpose: [Response to WPAN a Call for Proposals] Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 2 Wisair ’ s Variable-Pulse-Rate Multi-Band PHY layer Proposal for TG3a Gadi Shor, Yaron Knobel, David Yaish, Sorin Goldenberg, Amir Krause, Erez Wineberger, Rafi Zack, Benny Blumer, Zeev Rubin, David Meshulam, Amir Freund Wisair

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 3 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 4 Targets Proposal for high bit-rate Multi-Band PHY layer for MAC Support applications with wireless transmission of Audio/Video and High- Rate data communication Allow cost effective, low power implementation on chip

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 5 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 6 Main Features Variable-Pulse-Rate Multi-band PHY Flexible (use 1->14 sub-bands out of 30)  World-wide regulation  Co-existence with current and future systems  Interference mitigation Scalable (Variable pulse repetition frequency)  20 to 1000 Mbps  Reduced ADC sampling rate at lower Bit-rate  Power consumption vs. Bit-rate trade off Support MAC without modifications, only enhancements Support all selection criteria

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 7 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 8 Variable-Pulse-Rate Multi-Band PHY layer Sub-bands frequency plan Pulse shape Operation modes Variable-Pulse-Rate time-frequency interleaving sequences

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 9 Frequency Plan Consideration Points Consideration points : FCC mask  In band mask – GHz  Indoor FCC mask require 10db attenuation at 3.1GHz rejection  Outdoor FCC mask require 20db attenuation at 3.1GHz rejection a Frequency range :  US & Canada: GHz & GHz  Japan: 4.9-5GHz, GHz  Europe: GHz & GHz

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 10 Multi-Band Frequency-Plan Sub-bands are spaced 470 MHz apart  For flexible co-existence and simple implementation Each sub band is generated by a pulse with 10 dB bandwidth of ~520 MHz  Supports FCC requirements

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 11 Two overlapping frequency groups (A, B) A Second group overlap the first group 235 MHz aside  enhance system flexibility with respect to co-existence, interference mitigation and multiple access

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 12 Upper and Lower Sub-Band Sets Each group is divided into lower (sub-bands 1-8) and upper (sub-bands 9-15) sets Only 7 sub-bands are used in the lower set  One sub-band can be avoided for co-existence The upper set is used in parallel to the lower set to increase the bit-rate  First generation support lower set  Next generation devices has backward compatibility

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 13 Signal spectrum: Group A - Lower Set (ADS Simulation) The sub-bands are divided into a lower set (lower 8 sub-bands) and an upper set (higher 7 sub- bands)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 14 Co-existence  Center frequencies selected to allow elimination of one sub-band per region  Only 7 sub-bands are used in the lower set according to the region

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 15 Co-existence  Only 7 sub-bands out of 8 are used in the lower set according to the region

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 16 Co-existence (US)  US Co existence with a: avoid one of the Sub Channels: 4a,5a,5b,6b

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 17 Co-existence (US)  Example: Avoid sub band 6b

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 18 Co-existence (Europe)  Europe Co existence with a: avoid one of the Sub Channels: 4a,5a,5b,6b

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 19 Co-existence (Europe)  Example: Avoid sub band 5a

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 20 Co-existence (Japan)  Japan Co existence with a: avoid one of the Sub Channels: 4a,4b

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 21 Co-existence (Japan)  Example: Avoid sub band 4a

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 22 Variable-Pulse-Rate Multi-Band Modulation and Coding Scheme The waveform is generated by time interleaving of pulses from different frequency sub-bands Modulation schemes: QPSK and BPSK Coding Schemes: Viterbi K=7, Rate ½, ¾ Three pulse repetition intervals supported to allow  Reduced ADC sampling rate for improved power consumption  Improved multiple access  Improved ISI mitigation  Energy collection

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 23 Variable-Pulse-Rate Multi-Band Pulse repetition interval per sub-band is longer than channel response  28 nSec: 7 pulses ~3.9 nSec each with 250 Mpps  56 nSec: 7 pulses ~3.9 nSec each with 125 Mpps  84 nSec: 7 pulses ~3.9 nSec each with 83.3 Mpps  Reduce sampling rate for reduced bit rates

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mpps signal example (ADS simulation) Any number of sub-bands (N<=7) can be used Unused sub-bands are not transmitted Example shows 4 sub-bands in use

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 25 Multi-band signal generation Above 500 Mbps the upper band optional section (Gray section) may be used to allow up to 1000 Mbps

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 26 Pulse Shape 3.9 nSec 4.0 nSec Pulse shape defines the envelope of the pulse

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 27 Operation Modes (7 bands example) ModeModulationCoding Rate Pulse Rate [Mpulse/sec] Sub- Band PRI [nsec] Data Rate [Mbs] -7 bands example 1QPSK QPSK¾ QPSK½ QPSK¾ QPSK½ QPSK½ BPSK¾ BPSK Repetition code x bands

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 28 Bit rates vs. Number of sub-bands In each operation mode different number of sub-bands can be used The table shows Bit-Rates for different number of sub-bands under different operation modes Mode 5 with 7 sub-bands supports 125Mbps (Meets IEEE 110Mpbs requirement) Mode 3 with 7 sub-bands supports 250Mbps (Meets IEEE 200Mpbs requirement) Mode 1 with 7 sub-bands supports 500Mbps for scalability Mode 8 is used for the beacon, same information is transmitted over all sub-bands

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 29 Time-Frequency interleaving sequences Each piconet uses a different time-frequency interleaving sequence of length 7 The “same” sequence is used for the upper frequency set (in parallel to the lower set ) The set is used according to the sequence, the mode of operation and the number of sub-bands to be used

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 30 Collision Example: S1 and S2  Only one collision for every possible time offset

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 31 Variable-rate Time-Frequency interleaving sequences Example for 7 sub-bands using S2 in the different operation modes: 250, 125 and 83.3 Mpps Preserve time-frequency sequences collision properties for all modes Reduce multi-path effect on collision between Piconets Improve multi-path mitigation and enable energy collection

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 32 Variable Rate Time Frequency interleaving sequences Example for 4 sub-bands using S2 in the different operation modes: 250, 125 and 83.3 Mpps For lower number of sub-bands only relevant sub-bands are used Preserve the collision properties for any number of sub-bands

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 33 Multiple-Access Use of different time-frequency interleaving sequences in different Piconets to reduce collisions Reduce number of channels in use, to reduce collisions (FDM alternative when link budget good enough) Reduce pulse repetition frequency to reduce multi-path effects on Multiple access

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 34 Preamble Use CAZAC sequences over all sub- bands in use (Similar to mode 8) Approximately 10 Micro Seconds Achieve False-Alarm and Miss-Detect requirements under multi-path and multiple access interference Use color code to improve Piconet identification

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 35 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 36 Block Diagram – Analog Section

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 37 Block Diagram – Digital Section Coded bits are being spread over the different sub-bands

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 38 Technical Feasibility Establish wireless link using prototype: 30 meters 25 meters 18 meters

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 39 Size The size was calculated using SiGe process with f T =60GHz for the analog blocks and 0.13 CMOS process for the digital blocks. The size includes pads overhead.

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 40 Main Modes: Bit Rates versus Power Consumption and Link Margin Mode Bit Rate with 7 sub- bands Link Budget Margin RF- Tx Power [mW] PHY Tx Power [mW] (0.13u) Total PHY Tx Power [mw] RF- Rx Power [mW] PHY Rx Power [mW] (0.13u) Total PHY Rx Power [mW] Less than 1 mWatt per 1 Mbps

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 41 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 42 PHY Mapping on current MAC The proposed PHY can be used with the current MAC without modifications Piconet channel is represented by a Time–Frequency interleaving seed sequence  Each Piconet choose a different seed sequence (channel)  Devices in the same piconet use the same seed sequence (channel) Channel = Sequence The Piconet beacon frames are transmitted over all sub-bands  This is done transparently to the MAC (using PHY mode 8)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 43 Location Awareness Special command frame that support Time Advanced measurement between two Piconet devices Two devices exchange two messages  Dev A to Dev B: Send time A  Dev B to Dev A: Time Diff A(Receive Time A - Send Time A ) and Send Time B  Dev A calculates  Time Diff B (Receive Time B - Send Time B )  Time between Dev A to Dev B = ½ (Diff A + Diff B)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 44 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 45 Link Budget (7 sub-bands) Positive link margins for main modes

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 46 Performance under multi-path condition Without Equalizer Bit rate: 125 Mbps (Mode 5) Number of bands: 7 Simulating 400 channel realizations For each point either 250 packets or 21 packet errors were used Results represent statistics of 5 Gbits Note: Shadow parameter in channel model is very dominant

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps LOS 0-4 (CM1) (with Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps LOS 0-4 (CM1) (No Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps LOS 0-4 (CM1) Statistics (With Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM1-4 Statistics (90% Average PER with Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 51 Performance under multi-path condition (Distance for 8% Average PER Best 90%) Modulation scheme copes with multi-path condition without any equalization

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 52 Co-Existence with A and B: Required attenuation below FCC limits a requires attenuation above FCC limits

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 53 Co-Existence (ADS simulation) System co-exist with a and b

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 54 Interference

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 55 EBIT_INT Wanted signal bit Intereferer signal bit C/I 5.15GHz, -30dBm a Interference 100 cm (ADS Simulation) Seven sub-bands with C/I better than 10 dB after eliminating one sub-band (F4A)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 56 EBIT_INT Wanted signal bit Intereferer signal bit C/I 5.15GHz, -20dBm a Interference 30 cm (ADS Simulation) Five sub-bands with C/I better than 10 dB after eliminating one sub-band (F4A)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 57 Performance with a under AWGN ISR=55 dB in AWGN (including F.E. rejection) Allows 30 cm separation

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 58 Performance with a under CM1 ISR=50 dB in CM1 (including F.E. rejection) Allows 50 cm separation

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 59 Performance Under Multiple-Access Desired piconet: LOS 0-4 (CM1:49) Interfering piconet: LOS 0-4 (CM1:1) Worst case shift between piconets ISR=12.3 dB for 8% per Allows R(Ref)/R(Int) = 4 Example: R(Ref)=10 meters allows R(Int)=2.5 meters ISR can be improved by reducing number of sub-bands or increasing PRI

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 60 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 61 Self Evaluation – General Solution Criteria CRITERIAEvaluation Unit Manufacturing Cost (UMC)+ Signal RobustnessInterference And Susceptibility+ Coexistence+ Technical FeasibilityManufacturability+ Time To Market+ Regulatory Impact+ Scalability+ Location Awareness0

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 62 Self Evaluation – PHY Protocol Criteria CRITERIAEvaluation Size and Form Factor+ Payload Bit Rate+ Packet Overhead+ PHY-SAP Throughput+ Simultaneously Operation Piconets+ Signal Acquisition+ System Performance+ Link Budget+ Sensitivity+ Power Management Modes+ Power Consumption+ Antenna Practicality+

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 63 Self Evaluation – MAC Protocol Enhancement Criteria CRITERIAEvaluation MAC Enhancement and Modifications+ Meets all selection criteria

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 64 Contents Targets Main Features Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance Self Evaluation Conclusions

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 65 Conclusions Multi-Band scheme  30 Sub-bands allows flexible system  meets all selection criteria Variable-Pulse-Rate  Low power for lower bit rates  Reduces ISI problem without equalizer  Improves multiple access Technology demonstrated on prototype

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide a Early Merge Work Wisair will be cooperating with: Objectives: “Best” Technical Solution ONE Solution Excellent Business Terms Fast Time To Market We encourage participation by any party who can help us reach our goals. Intel Time Domain Discrete Time General Atomics Philips FOCUS Enhancements Samsung

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 67 Backup Slides

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 68 Contents Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 69 Contents Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 70 Contents Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 71 MAC Enhancements (1) UWB based WPAN system should support a higher bit rate (e.g. 110Mbps, 200Mbps)  Current MAC Throughput is degraded in high bit rate Support a bigger packet length  Bigger packets may be needed for high data rate applications Improve the throughput  For both small and large packet sizes  For retransmission mode Support Multiband channel assignment  Decide on usable sub bands  Select the time frequency interleaving sequence

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 72 MAC Enhancements (2) PHY SAP Data Throughput Calculation Payload Throughput PHY-SAP = N x Payload_bits / [ T_PA_INITIAL+T_SIFS + (N-1) x (T_PA_CONT+T_MIFS) + N x (Payload_bits/R_Pay+T_MACHDR + T_PHYHDR+T_HCS+T_FCS)]

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 73 MAC Enhancements (3) IEEE PHY-SAP Data Throughput N= 5 Frames T_PA_INITIAL = 15uSec T_PA_CONT = 15uSec MACHDR=10 Octets PHYHDR=2 Octets T_SIFS = 10uSec T_MIFS = 2uSec HCS=2 Octets FCS = 4 Octets

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 74 MAC Enhancements (4) IEEE PHY-SAP Data Throughput in High Bit Rates N= 5 Frames T_PA_INITIAL = 15uSec T_PA_CONT = 15uSec MACHDR=10 Octets PHYHDR=2 Octets T_SIFS = 10uSec T_MIFS = 2uSec HCS=2 Octets FCS = 4 Octets

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 75 MAC Enhancements(5) Proposed MAC Performance PHY-SAP Data Throughput in High Bit Rates N= 5 Frames T_PA_INITIAL = 15uSec T_PA_CONT = 15uSec MACHDR=10 Octets PHYHDR=2 Octets T_SIFS = 10uSec T_MIFS = 2uSec HCS=2 Octets FCS = 4 Octets

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 76 MAC Enhancements (6) Proposed MAC Frame Structure Allow larger MAC frame body size (e.g Octets  Frame body consists of N Sub-frames  Sub-frame consists of Data block unit and CRC  Data block unit is limited by a maximum number of octets (e.g. 512 octets)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 77 MAC Enhancements (7) The proposed UWB PHY structure is based on multi-band UWB system  MAC logical channel is mapped to several frequency bands  Some bands might be interfered (useless) by other existing systems (I.e IEEE802.11a – 5GHz)  MAC should be able to drive a Bands Quality Assessment (BQA) that determines whether a specific band is usable or not  The Piconet Coordinator (PNC) should be able to distribute the usable bands to all its associated devices

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 78 MAC Enhancements (8) Provide BQA time slot at the Supper- frame Useful information is distributed as Information Element (IE) over PNC Beacon Beacon will transmitted over the whole frequency bands

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 79 MAC Enhancements (9)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide 80 Contents Physical layer Implementation and Feasibility MAC enhancements Performance

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM1 channels

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM1 (No Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM1 Statistics

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM2 channels

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM2 (No Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM2 Statistics

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM3 channels

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM3 (No Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM3 Statistics

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM4 channels

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM4 (No Shadow)

doc.: IEEE /151r1 Submission March 2003 Gadi Shor, WisairSlide Mbps CM4 Statistics