What is a source?

Why is it important to cite your sources?

What is plagiarism? Many people think of plagiarism as copying another's work, or borrowing someone else's original ideas. But terms like "copying" and "borrowing" can disguise the seriousness of the offense: to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own to use (another's production) without crediting the source to commit literary theft to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source. In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.

All of the following are considered plagiarism: turning in someone else's work as your own copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credit failing to put a quotation in quotation marks giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without giving credit copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not

Most cases of plagiarism can be avoided, however, by citing sources. Simply acknowledging that certain material has been borrowed, and providing your audience with the information necessary to find that source, is usually enough to prevent plagiarism.

Identifying Plagiarism Original Passage At the start of the Great Depression, many Americans wanted to believe that the hard times would be only temporary. Plagiarism or Not? At the beginning of the Great Depression, a lot of Americans wanted to think that the hard times would be only temporary.

Original Passage Devices in the iPod range are primarily digital audio players, designed around a central click wheel — although the iPod shuffle has buttons also. Plagiarism or Not? An iPod is an MP3 player that lets you choose and play songs to listen to using a click wheel (or on older versions, buttons).

Original Passage He was a very silent man by custom. Plagiarism or Not? He was usually a quiet person.

Original Passage A letter of thanks is a courteous acknowledgment of a gift or of something that was done for you. Plagiarism or Not? A thank you note is a polite acknowledgment of a present or something nice someone did for you.

How do you cite your sources? History Classes: Chicago Style Science Classes: APA Style English Classes: MLA Style

MLA Format: General Guidelines  Type on white 8.5“ x 11“ paper  Double-space everything, with no extra space after paragraphs  Use 12 pt. Times New Roman font (or similar font)  Leave only one space after punctuation  Set all margins to 1 inch on all sides  Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-inch

Formatting the 1st Page  No title page  Double space everything  Heading  In the upper left corner of the 1st page, list your name, your class period, and the draft number  Center the paper title (use standard capitalization, but no underlining, italics, quote, or bold)  Create a header in the upper right corner at half inch from the top and one inch from the right of the page (include your last name and page number)

Sample 1st Page

In-Text Citations: the Basics MLA uses parenthetical ( ) citations in the body of the paper Citations will differ based on the medium (Print, Internet, DVD)

Print Source with Author In-text Example: Human beings have been described by Kenneth Burke as “symbol-using animals” (3). or Human beings have been described as “symbol-using animals” (Burke 3). Corresponding Works Cited Entry: Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkeley: U of California P, Print.

With Unknown Author In-text Example: We see so many global warming hotspots in North America likely because this region has “more readily accessible climatic data and more comprehensive programs to monitor and study environmental change” (“Impact of Global Warming” 6). Corresponding Works Cited Entry: “The Impact of Global Warming in North America.” Global Warming: Early Signs Web. 23 Mar

Formatting Short Quotations In-text Examples: According to some, dreams express “profound aspects of personality” (Foulkes 184), though others disagree. According to Foulkes's study, dreams may express “profound aspects of personality” (184). Is it possible that dreams may express “profound aspects of personality” (Foulkes 184)? Cullen concludes, “Of all the things that happened there, That's all I remember” (11-12).

Annotated Bibliography An annotated bibliography is a list of cited sources about a particular topic, in which each citation is followed by a brief annotation, or discussion of the source. The annotation consists of just one paragraph. An annotated bibliography is useful for documenting your research in a specific area, evaluating the source, and summarizing main points from different sources.

Annotated Bibliography There are two parts to every entry in an annotated bibliography: the citation and the annotation.

The Citation The citation includes the bibliographic information of the source. Follow specific MLA formatting guidelines for each citation. Citations are organized alphabetically.

Citations: Books Basic Format: Lastname, Firstname. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication. Examples: Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. New York: Penguin, Print. Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring. Boston: Allyn, Print. Palmer, William J. Dickens and New Historicism. New York: St. Martin's, Print The Films of the Eighties: A Social History. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, Print.

Citations: Internet Web Source Format: Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). “Article Name.” Name of Site. Version number. Name of institution/ organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher). Date of last update. Medium of publication. Date of access.

Citations: Internet Examples: Bernstein, Mark. “10 Tips on Writing the Living Web.” A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites. A List Apart Mag., 16 Aug Web. 4 May Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov Web. 10 May “How to Make Vegetarian Chili.” eHow.com. eHow. n.d. Web. 24 Feb

Citations: Other Personal Interview Example: Purdue, Pete. Personal interview. 1 Dec Speech Example: Stein, Bob. Computers and Writing Conference. Purdue University. Union Club Hotel, West Lafayette, IN. 23 May Keynote address.

The Annotation The annotation is a brief paragraph following the citation. Purpose of the Annotation: The annotation of a source should do three things:

Purpose of the Annotation 1. Summarize the content of the source (write a brief summary of the information, 1-2 sentences)

Purpose of the Annotation 2. Evaluate the quality of the source (analyze for authority, accuracy, currency, etc. Does this source pass the CRAAP test and why? 1-2 sentences)

Purpose of the Annotation 3. Assess the usefulness or relevant application of the source (How is this source useful to my research and in my writing? 1-2 sentences)