LOW CARB, HIGH FAT ECON 4 LIN THOMPSON

KETOGENIC DIETS < 100 CARBOHYDRATES PER DAY ADKINS IS THE BEST KNOWN KETOGENIC DIET PUTS THE BODY IN KETOSIS

KETOSIS 4 PRIMARY FUELS THAT CAN BE UTILIZED BY THE BODY: GLUCOSE PROTEIN FREE FATTY ACIDS KETONES “NORMAL” DIET GLUCOSE IS THE MAIN SOURCE

KETOSIS KETONES  FAT INGESTED AS WELL AS FAT STORED WITHIN THE BODY GETS CONVERTED INTO KETONES BY THE LIVER AND KIDNEY.  KETONES ARE THEN TRANSPORTED TO OTHER TISSUES TO BE USED AS FUEL, INCLUDING THE BRAIN.

KETOSIS BRAIN  AFTER 3 DAYS IN KETOSIS, 30% OF ITS ENERGY FROM KETONES  AFTER FORTY DAYS, ITS HAS INCREASED TO 70% BRAIN METABOLISM DURING STARVATION IN HUMANS, JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM

INCREASE FAT = INCREASE HEART DISEASE? 2-YEAR LONG STUDY ON LOW-CARB VS LOW-FAT LOW-CARB GROUP:  RESTRICTED TO 20 GRAMS OF CARBOHYDRATES PER DAY FOR 3 MONTHS AND THEN ADDED 5 GRAMS OF CARBS PER WEEK UNTIL THEIR WEIGHT STABILIZED.  COULD EAT ALL THE FAT AND PROTEIN THEY WANTED BETTER NUTRITION HEALTHY HANDBOOK, DR. JONNY BOWDEN

INCREASE FAT = INCREASE HEART DISEASE? LOW-FAT GROUP:  CALORIES CAPPED AT 1500 PER DAY FOR WOMEN AND 1800 CALORIES PER DAY FOR MEN  FAT CONSUMPTION COULD BE NO MORE THAT 30% OF THEIR DAILY CALORIES

INCREASE FAT = INCREASE HEART DISEASE? RESULTS:  BOTH GROUPS LOST AN AVERAGE OF 20 LBS.  LOW-CARB GROUP HAD SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER REDUCTION IN DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE, TRIGLYCERIDES, “BAD” CHOLESTEROL LDL, AND AN INCREASE IN “GOOD” CHOLESTEROL HDL INCREASE IN FAT =/= INCREASE IN HEART DISEASE

INCREASE CARBS = INCREASED HEALTH PROBLEMS? “A HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIET RAISES POSTPRANDIAL PLASMA GLUCOSE AND INSULIN SECRETION, THEREBY INCREASING RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, HYPERTENSION, DYSLIPIDEMIA, OBESITY, AND DIABETES.” KETOSIS DIETS HELPS WITH HEART DISEASE AND DIABETES THE CASE FOR LOW CARBOHYDRATE DIETS IN DIABETES MANAGEMENT, NUTRITION AND METABOLISM

DIABETES 2010:  12% OF WORLDWIDE HEALTHCARE WENT TOWARDS THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF DIABETES  $376B U.S.  $703 PER PERSON IDF DIABETES ATLAS

DIABETES 2007  THE U.S. ECONOMY LOST ABOUT $58B AS A RESULT OF LOST EARNINGS DUE TO LOST WORK DAYS, RESTRICTED ACTIVITY DAYS, LOWER PRODUCTIVITY AT WORK, MORTALITY, AND PERMANENT DISABILITY CAUSED BY DIABETES. THE AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION

SATURATED FATS U.S. DIETARY GUIDELINES SAY TO LIMIT SATURATED FAT CONSUMPTION “CURRENT EVIDENCE DOES NOT CLEARLY SUPPORT CARDIOVASCULAR GUIDELINES THAT ENCOURAGE HIGH CONSUMPTION OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS AND LOW CONSUMPTION OF TOTAL SATURATED FATS.” BACONS BACK ON THE MENU ASSOCIATION OF DIETARY, CIRCULATING, AND SUPPLEMENT FATTY ACIDS WITH CORONARY RISK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS, ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

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