Impact of Increasingly Effective Communication in World History 6.10 Innovations in Communication Resource

History of Communication (well, some) 1400 BC – Oldest record of writing on bones in China 776 BC – 1 st recorded use of homing pigeons to send messages (for real) 1 st message was to the Athenians declaring the winner of the Olympic Games (yep, sports) BC Human messengers on foot or horseback common in Egypt and China with messenger relay stations built.

History of Communication (well, some) 37 AD - first recorded use of mirrors to send messages by Roman Emperor Tiberius; called “heliographs” 305 AD - First wooden printing presses invented in China; symbols carved on a wooden block 1450 AD – Newspapers appear in Europe 1455 AD - Johannes Gutenberg invents a printing press with metal movable type

History of Communication (well, some) 1793 – 1 st long-distance telegraph line invented 1814 – 1 st photographic image achieved 1821 – 1 st microphone invented 1831 – electric telegraph invented 1835 – Samuel Morse invents “Morse Code”

History of Communication (well, some) 1843 – Morse also invents 1 st long-distance electric telegraph line 1861 – U.S. starts “Pony Express” to deliver mail “Kinematoscope” – a machine that flashed a series of photographs onto a screen 1867 – 1 st successful and modern typewriter

History of Communication (well, some) 1876 – Thomas Edison – invents the mimeograph (type of office copy machine) Alexander Graham Bell – patents the electric telephone Melvyl Dewey – Dewey Decimal System (used to organize library books) This is how you would do research (find books) until fairly recently

History of Communication (well, some) 1877 – Edison invents phonograph (old-school music player) High-speed photography invented; first moving pictures that captured motion 1902 – 1 st radio signal transmitted across the Atlantic Ocean 1910 – Edison invents 1 st talking motion picture 1914 – 1 st cross continental telephone call made

History of Communication (well, some) 1916 – 1 st radios with tuners (different stations) 1923 – 1 st television invented; called “iconoscope” 1927 – NBC starts 2 radio networks CBS founded 1 st TV broadcasts in England 1930 – Radio popularity spreads 1 st TV broadcasts in U.S.

History of Communication (well, some) 1940 – “walkie-talkie” invented (war communication) 1944 – computers put into public service (gov’t owned) 1948 – “transistor” invented (allows electronic “mini-me’s”) 1951 – computers are sold commercially (personal use) 1958 – Xerox machine invented “Integrated circuit” invented (improves electronic “mini- me’s”)

History of Communication (well, some) 1966 – 1 st successful fax machine 1969 – ARPANET started (1 st Internet) 1971 – 1 st sent (ARPANET) 1976 – Apple I home computer invented 1 st nationwide programming via satellite 1979 – 1 st cellular phone communication network started in Japan 1980 – Sony Walkman invented (portable cassette tape player)

History of Communication (well, some) 1981 – IBM PC first sold to public 1 st laptop computers sold to public 1983 – Time Magazine names “The Computer: Man of the Year” 1 st cell phone network started in U.S. Late 1980’s – system continues to grow

Finally…(the REALLY important piece of history)… 1994 – U.S. government releases control of the Internet and…. www is born!!! (www = world wide web) World wide communication at the speed of light…well, depending on your connection speed, right?) popularity grows even more; instant messaging develops in late 1990’s Text messaging replaces “talking” in the 2000’s

Launch of Social Media… Post-1994 – chat rooms (1 st form of social networks) 2003 – MySpace launches (1 st major successful social network) 2004 – Facebook launches 2007 – iphone launches (beginning of “smart phones”; computer at fingertips) 2009 – Twitter launches 2010 – Instagram launches

Pros (positive effects) of communication improvements Cheaper and faster More accessible (at your fingertips) More sources…and more viewpoints More knowledge (get info easier) Worldwide contact (can communicate with most places anywhere in the world) Better ability to deal with disasters… Any more that you can think of???

Cons (negative effects) of communication improvements… Reliance on technology (can’t “survive” without) Poor even more displaced (not part of society) or struggle to become “normal” Must pay for cable or a tuner to have any kind of basic TV service Must pay for Internet (well, for the most part) People take “their” word for it (accept “news” as truth) Example: Catfish…TV commercial “Have you met my boyfriend…he’s a French model…Yes I am sure…the Internet doesn’t lie”