INDIAN RAILWAYS.

History of railroads in India The British government encouraged the setting up of railways by private investors under a scheme that would guarantee an annual return of 5% during the initial years of operation. Once completed, the company would be passed under government ownership, but would be operated by the company that built them. Railways were first introduced to India in the year 1853 from Mumbai to Thane Howrah –benaras East and west network linked –6400 kms and 95 million pounds investment

The railways in India are the largest rail web in Asia and the world’s second largest under one management HeadquartersNew Delhi, IndiaNew DelhiIndia

FREIGHT SECTOR Indian Railway carries a huge variety of goods ranging from mineral ores, agricultural produce, petroleum, milk and vehicles. Indian Railways makes 70%of its profits from the freight sector.

Locomotives Locomotives in India consist of electric and diesel locomotives. Steam locomotives are no longer used, except in heritage trains. In India, locomotives are classified according to their track gauge, motive

PASSENGER SECTOR Indian Railways operates approx. 8,702 passenger trains and transports around 5 billion annually across twenty-seven states and three union territories.

Other major activities Sports Help to differently abled persons – Concessions – Facilities at stations and in coaches – Reservation in posts-3% Staff grievance redressal system Pension adalats Permanent negotiating machinery

BROAD STRATEGY ADOPTED play on volumes reduce the unit cost pass on the benefits to the consumer. improvisation or reinventing instead of restructuring.

SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS the ‘Biggest Company’ in the world in terms of employee strength. Palace on Wheels’ is a major part of income. connects different cities and countries. luxurious and affordable to common man. Technological advancement

WEAKNESS Corruption within the department. Lack of accident proof magnetic wheels in all trains. Lack of safety Poor infrastructure Delayed trains Non pro-active employees

OPPORTUNITIES ‘METRO’ in a commercial city like Mumbai. Development in small cities Profit through privatization.

THREATS Low cost airlines Improvement of other infrastructure like roadways Could be taken over by airlines.

DECISION MADE IN BUDGET No change in rates Enhancing the quality of freight trains Double stack container freight trains Increase in wagon production & locomotive production Meeting global demand

SCHEMES INTRODUCED Engine-on-Load Terminal Incentive Scheme Electronic Payment Gateway Wagon Investment Scheme Non-peak season incremental freight discount scheme Loyalty Discount Scheme

CHANGES INTRODUCED Tatkal (instant)-reserved tickets In the last three years, the number of tatkal seats more than doubled. In , the daily average number of berths in tatkal quota was 43,000. The next year, it increased to 57,000 and in raised further to 98,000.

Fully Air-conditioned Garib Rath A view of the Garib Rath, train for the poor, that provides comfortable, air-conditioned travel at affordable cost to India's poor.

The site which serves online ticketing for Indian Railways is the largest e-commerce website(

LALU AND INDIAN RAILWAYS He disallowed plastic cups used for serving tea at railway stations and announced that they will be replaced by kulhads(earthen cups). –generate rural employment. –reduce garbage as the kulhads are bio- degradable. He made personal inspections in the railways. He undertook a surprise check at Rail Bhavan in New Delhi. He deducted the salaries of about 500 latecomer employees and sent them back. Lalu carried out a surprise check on a goods train coming from Mumbai at Danapur station. He found that weights of consignments were under-assessed, leading to loss of revenue for Railways. He claimed that railway officials, transporters and consignees were part of a racket. A few top BJP leaders, associated with a company called Samrudha Overseas Pvt Ltd, were allegedly involved in the racket.

He said that he would revoke the contract of A H Wheeler & Co, which runs newspaper stands on most Indian railway stations, because they were enjoying monopoly ever since English (British) left India and would invite open tender. He maintained passenger profile so that compartments could be taken off or added to trains according to seasonal demand. As part of his drive to modernize the railways Lalu Prasad Yadav has decided to send nearly 100 top officials abroad for training in latest techniques and sharpen their managerial skills in Management Schools of USA and France. Lalu Prasad Yadav is now credited with engineering the financial turnaround of Indian Railways, which was on the verge of bankruptcy. Under him, the Railways booked an unprecedented surplus of 110 billion rupees (2.47 billion dollars).

Latest services provided Various ticketing service to reduce time. Coupon Tourist ticket Avtm card machine Trains having improved ventilation system. The quality of seats and equipments used.

AVTM Card machine SMS ALERTS CR – WR

How to improve Introducing 12 car rakes Adding corridors Improving ticket services. Modernisation in track maintenance. Improving the infrastructure of the stations.

Conclusion There are many loop holes that has to be overcome. Security is one of the biggest concern. There should be proper cleaning on the stations. There should be more numbers of trains at the time of vacations. There is an other alternate also for booking a ticket other than e-booking for more comfort ability and saving time of the people.