Elements and the Periodic Table Nelson: Science Perspectives 9 – Pg. #

Learning Goals: Explain the difference between an element and a compound Define a metal, non-metal, and metalloid and identify their location on the periodic table

The Periodic Table of Elements The Periodic Table – a compilation of years of inquiry and experimentation, masterfully joining years of evidence and theory

The Table of Elements Element  a pure substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler chemical substance by any physical or chemical means EXAMPLE: Silver cannot be broken down into anything chemically simpler than pure silver … pure silver = the element silver (Ag) Elements are the building blocks of all substances THINK: If elements are like the letters of the alphabet, then compounds are the words

Element Symbols Element Symbol  an abbreviation for a chemical element (some are based on Latin names) Example: Ag = Argentum = Silver

Compound vs. Element Compound  a pure substance composed of two or more different elements that are chemically joined THINK: Is water an element???

Compound vs. Element If something appears on the periodic table  it’s an element If something does NOT appear on the periodic table  it’s NOT an element Water is a compound of elements hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O)

Periodic Table: Metals Metals  elements that are lustrous, malleable, and ductile, and conduct heat and electricity Typically found on the left and central parts of the periodic table EXAMPLES: copper, silver, gold, potassium, sodium, nickel

Periodic Table: Non-Metals Non-Metals  elements, usually gases or dull powdery solids, that do not conduct heat or electricity (exception Carbon) Found in the upper right portion of the periodic table Examples: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine, bromine, argon

Periodic Table: Metalloids Metalloids  elements that have properties of both metals and non- metals Located along the staircase line Examples: silicon, boron, arsenic, antimony, tellurium

Be An Informed Consumer!!! Do you know what minerals and elements make up your cellphone? Do you know where these minerals come from and what is meant by the term “conflict minerals”? Do you know what happens when you throw your “old” phone away? Do you know how gorillas and your cellphone are related?

To Do: Complete questions 1-10 on page 215