Concentración Solar para Producción Térmica y Eléctrica – Desarrollos y Avances Tecnológicos Eckhard Lüpfert, Dr.-Ing. DLR German Aerospace Center Seminario CORFO, GIZ Santiago, Chile 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 2 > Concentrating Solar Power Plant (CSP) Solar Thermal Power Plant Solar Heat into Conventional Power Cycle >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 3 > Concentrating Solar Power – Technology Variants Parabolic Trough – Linear Fresnel – Solar Tower – Dish-Stirling >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016 Solar Tower Dish-Stirling

DLR.de/SF > Chart 4 > Concentrating Solar Power with Parabolic Troughs and Linear Fresnel Fields in Solar Thermal Power Plants Solar heat for Rankine cycles saturated / overheated steam solar only and hybrid Solar-to-electric peak efficiency up to around ≈30% also process heat applications performance modeling is state of the art >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 5 > Power Block steam cycle turbine, condenser MW Heat Transfer & Buffer 2-10 hours capacity Solar Field parabolic trough collector field 200’ ’200’000 m 2 Backup Firing Solar Radiation Parabolic Trough Plant Scheme >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 6 > CSP with storage – energy shift from day to night >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 7 > Andasol 1, 2, 3 Parabolic Trough Plants – Guadix, Spain 3x 50 MW, 3700 full-load hours Solar FieldPowerblock, Storage, Transmission >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 8 > parabolic trough commercial plant size MW 30% larger aperture size of trough collectors, bigger receiver tubes molten salt as heat transfer medium for troughs and linear Fresnel higher temperature (550°C) double storage capacity 5% better power block efficiency direct steam generation at commercial scale, but without storage new silicone fluid as heat transfer medium process heat applications in food and mining industry solar tower commercial plant size MW molten salt as heat transfer medium, also in combination with steam pressurized air or atmospheric air as heat transfer medium long term: solar fuels and hydrogen Current developments in CSP >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 9 > Technology Trends: Direct Steam Generation in Solar Field 5 MW Reference Power Plant in Kanchanamburi (Thailand) (Superheated steam 330ºC) 30 MW Linear Fresnel System in Murcia (Spain) (saturated steam 270ºC) >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 10 > Technology Trends: Molten Salt in Parabolic Troughs Silicone Fluid in Parabolic Troughs 5 MW Demo Unit in Sicily, Italy integrated into a combined cycle power plant 500ºC superheated steam integrated storage >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 11 > Solar Tower Sanlucar PS MW Abengoa Khi Southafrica 50 MW Atacama-1, Noor-3, Redstone >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 12 > Solar Tower, molten salt – Gemasolar 20 MW Spain, 150 MW Morocco >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 13 > Tonopah, Crescent Dunes, USA: 110 MW Solar Tower, molten salt >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 14 > Solar Tower – Steam, Molten Salt Ivanpah-CA 3x123 MW Brightsource Tonopah-NV 110 MW SolarReserve Lancaster-CA 5 MW eSolar >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 15 > Solar Tower Jülich – Solair/HitRec – Air as Heat Transfer Fluid 1.5 MW DLR / KA München Heliostats Receiver Steam Generator Storage Hot Air 730º Cold Air 110º Super heated Steam ~ >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 16 > Dish-Stirling Systems System size 3-25 kW Very high concentration ratio Power package with Stirling Engine High conversion efficiency Remote operation Backup heating of power package with fuel Series production in preparation EuroDish systems at PSA, Spain 10 kW per unit Cleanergy 10 kW >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 17 > Food and beverage industry: Dairies and bakeries - Drying, cleaning, cooking, deep frying, baking, pasteurization Slaughter houses – Rendering process, steam cooking, cooling and refrigeration Wineries, breweries, distilleries – Steam juicing, sterilization, distillation Product industry: Mining and oil industry – Ore leaching, galvanic processes, oil recovery, cleaning Textile and leather industry - Dying, shaping, ironing, tanning Cement and ceramic industry – Drying, burning, calcination Paper industry – Bleaching, thermo-mechanical pulping, drying Pharmaceutical and chemical industry - Process specific applications, distillation Plastics and rubber industry - Heating, cooling, vulcanization Hotel and tourism industry - Laundry, heating, cooling, water treatment and desalination Application fields for solar thermal process heat, e.g. steam >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 18 > Example solar process heat >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016 (

DLR.de/SF > Chart 19 > Process heat supply for mining camp hot water for showers, replace diesel fuel Process heat supply for copper mine hot water for electro-winning, replace diesel fuel Process steam for copper smelter 100% solar during daytime Hot water supply for mining process heap leaching, reduce fuel consumption by 30% Application examples solar process heat in Chile >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 20 > Electricity CSP: flexible, dispatchable, complementary to PV und Wind CSP with thermal storage enables a safe and CO2-free electricity supply Solar Field Heat Storage Turbine Heat CSP + Storage Wind PV Co-firing >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 21 > Estimated installed CSP capacity until 2025: GW Accumulated, additional CSP investment until 2025: 25 – 75 billion US$ Annual CSP O&M market volume in 2025: billion US$ /a Additional capacity in the field of industrial process heat Outlook CSP Market until 2025 >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 22 > Solar Tower, Jülich Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) Water (H 2 O) Synthesis Gas (H 2 + CO) Synthetic Fuels… e.g. Fischer-Tropsch-Plant Solar Fuels: Fuels from water, CO 2 and sunlight artist‘s view In 20 years commercial ? >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 23 > Solar Irradiation and Project Locations Extraterrestrial irradiance: 1367 W/m² Attenuation due to atmospheric absorption and scattering  Irradiance on earth  1000 W/m² Annual Sum of Direct Normal Irradiance >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 24 > How DLR Solar Research works with industry: Industry >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 25 > Cost development PV vs. CSP >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016 Energy cost PV Energy cost CSP Module cost PV

DLR.de/SF > Chart 26 > Germany’s largest research entity in the field of concentrating solar systems for the generation of heat, electricity and fuel Research Areas: Line Focus Systems  Point Focus Systems  Qualification Solar Energy Meteorology  New Materials  Solar Chemical Engineering Services and consulting for industry clients Annual income in 2015: 19,0 €Mio Staff: approx. 160 people at the four sites Cologne, Jülich, Stuttgart, Almería (Spain) Spin-off companies: CSP Services GmbH, Sowarla GmbH, Heliokon GmbH Institute of Solar Research Concentrating Solar Systems for Power, Heat and Fuel generation >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 27 > Technology Assessment/F&E-Support Measuring equipment Test installations Provision of highly concentrated light, UV/IR resources for radiance tests Design reviews Feasibility studies Institute of Solar Research Services Resource Assessment & Forecasting Solar radiation, soiling and aerosol measurements Sensor calibration and characterization Nowcasting of irradiance Solar Water Treatment Technology Consulting Software Tools for CSP Plants Greenius: yield calculation for renewable energies STRAL: calculation of radiation flux density (ray tracing) HFLCAL: heliostat field layout and optimization Qualification Services For Components and Plants: Determination of quality characteris- tics and performance parameters Aging Tests >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 28 > DLR developed optical measurement devices, that allow industry to build a much more precise solar collector DLR solves fundamental challenges to use air or steam as heat transfer fluids in solar collectors and receivers DLR's innovative QUARZ ® Lab becomes „Quasi-Standard“ to asses collector components DLR demonstrates together with industry several new CSP technology systems in the MW-scale and signs license agreements with industrial clients DLR develops and implements together with University partners a CSP capacity building program for the MENA region DLR spun-off 3 companies in this field in the last 10 years from the Institute of Solar Research Highlights Heliokon >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 29 > CSP applications increasing in project size higher fluid temperature in parabolic troughs and towers storage capacity is the among the most relevant advantages of CSP dispatchable power supply, base load, evening peak load market development in South Africa, Middle East, India, China Chile relevant process heat applications in food industry, in mining industry DLR is partner in technical development, in quality control and expertise DLR and German industry partners interested in joining projects in Chile Summary >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016

DLR.de/SF > Chart 30 > concentrating solar technology – … precise, efficient, sustainable Chart 30

DLR.de/SF > Chart 31 > Useful links CSP Market Contact >Institute of Solar Research 2016 > E Luepfert, DLR > Seminario CORFO and GIZ 7 Sept 2016