Firearm Anatomy and Classification

Firearm Safety Main outcome of Firearm Safety is to prevent firearm and hunting accidents and to ensure the future of hunting and shooting sports through the compliances with laws, regulations and ethics. (Accident data!)

Basic parts of a gun

Shotgun and Rifle Actions ACTION  Loads, fires and ejects the ammunition CHAMBER = portion of breech end of barrel which holds the shell or cartridge.

ShotgunRifle Shotgun vs. Rifle A shoulder-fired firearm  Usually with a smooth bore  Shoots shot pellets made of lead, steel, or alloy  Effective range is 50 yards or less (Further with slugs) A shoulder-fired firearm  With spiral grooves cut into the inner surface of the barrel  Shoots a single projectile a long distance

Shotgun vs. Rifle

Rifle & Shotgun Actions Hinge or Break Action Bolt Action Rifle Lever Action Rifle Semi-Automatic Rifle Pump Action Shotgun com/minnesota/study?cha pter=2&page=19

Rifle Parts SM 26 Stock Comb Butt Sights Barrel Bolt Bolt Handle Fore End Trigger Guard Trigger Muzzle Magazine Grip

Shotgun Parts SM 24 Stock Comb Butt Sight Barrel Bolt Fore End, Fore-arm, Slide Trigger Guard Trigger Muzzle Magazine Tube Grip

Shotgun Anatomy

Barrel LockStock

Shotgun Anatomy Comb Butt

Shotgun Anatomy Trigger Trigger Guard

Shotgun Anatomy Forearm Chamber Breech Action

‘Hammer Block’ Hammer in the HALF-COCK position Hammer Block safety Trigger Block / Lever Safety Safety OFF

Why is the safety RED? Doesn’t RED mean STOP? RED = Danger YELLOW = Caution GREEN = Safe

 Rifles shoot single projectiles called: “balls” (muzzleloaders) or “bullets”  Rifles measured in calibers the bore diameter is in one thousands of an inch or measured in millimeters.  Examples: , , 308, 243, 6mm, 9mm RIFLES!

Rifle bullets have very high velocity, good for long range accuracy. (Know your target and beyond!!!)

SHOTGUNS  Gauge: determined by the number of lead balls equal to the diameter of the bore to weigh one pound. The smaller the gauge the larger the number.  i.e. it takes 12 lead balls the same diameter as a 12-gauge shotgun bore to weigh one pound.  Gauges of shotguns:  410 gauge (only exception) this one measured in caliber  28 gauge  20 gauge  16 gauge  12 gauge  10 gauge  8 gauge

SLUGS SHOT 1000 ft2000 ft3000 ft4000 ft 1000 ft2000 ft3000 ft4000 ft Different shot sizes travel different distances

Shot Shell Rimfire Centerfire Rifle Center-fire Pistol Center-fire Pistol

Four parts of Ammunition SM 28

CENTER-FIRE CARTRIDGE BULLET POWDER CASE PRIMER

Shot shell

Sabot slug

30-06 Where do we look to see what cartridge a gun is chambered for? 30-06

WHAT CARTRIDGE IS THIS GUN CHAMBERED FOR? 12 GA FULL CHOKE 3” MAG

Is this a good match?

THERE MAY ALSO BE CHOKE DATA ON THE BARREL 12GA FULL CHOKE 3”MAG This barrel has a FIXED choke – It is not removable or adjustable

Removable Shotgun Chokes Improved SM 22

Effect of choke on shot spread at various distances

SHOT PELLETS VARY ACCORDING TO SIZE AND COMPOSITION. LEAD SHOT IS HEAVIER THAN STEEL SHOT. LEAD SHOT HAS AN ALLOY ADDED “ANTIMONY” TO INCREASE HARDNESS. HARDER SHOT PELLETS (MAGNUM SHOT) DEFORM LESS AND STAY ON COURSE FOR GOOD PATTERNS.

PATTERNS DF: THE SPREAD OF THE SHOT AFTER IT LEAVES THE BARREL

GAUGE IDENTIFICATION & SHELL LENGTH 12 GA FOR 2 3/4“ SHELLS

The HULL opens up to fill the chamber Why correct shell length is so important 2¾” shell fired in 2¾” chamber

3” shell being fired in a 2 ¾” chamber

12 gauge shell 20 gauge shell

Remington 1100 Semi-Auto

Bullet Trajectory 50 yards

Bullet Trajectory 100 yards

Bullet Trajectory 200 yards

Bullet Trajectory 300 yards

Bullet Trajectory 400 yards