Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number D796 S812n / 1-SIZE Image title Sprig of the Indigo Plant. Place image published London Image publisher J. Johnson, St. Paul's Church Yard Image date Decr. 1st Image function plate 72; vol. 2, following p. 304 Technique engraving, hand coloring Image dimension height 18.4 cm. Image dimension width 13.2 cm. Page dimension height 29 cm. Page dimension width 22.5 cm. Materials medium ink, colors Materials support paper Languages English Description Branch of the indigo plant showing leaves, seeds, and a square of indigo ready for use as dye. Items in the image are lettered for identification in adjacent text. Source creator Stedman, John Gabriel, Source Title Narrative, of a five years' expedition, against the revolted Negroes of Surinam... Vol. II. Source place of publication London Source publisher Printed for J. Johnson, St. Paul's Church Yard, & J. Edwards, Pall Mall Source date 1796 notes Indigo was first mentioned in a written western source in the writing of Herodotus (writing around 450 B.C.) and was a valued product from medieval times on. An indigenous variety of indigo began to be cultivated on the Pacific slopes of Central America in the 1560s. Scientific name: Indigofera suffructicosa (variety native to South and Cental America). Time Period References Price, R. & S., ed. Stedman Narrative, p Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary Add a comment geographic area Guianas Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Natural history--Suriname

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number D763 G291a / 1-SIZE Image title Fabrica d'Indaco Creator 1 G. M. Terrenise Place image published [Leghorn] Image publisher [Marco Coltellini] Image date [1763] Image function plate; vol. 1, following p. 100 Technique engraving Image dimension height 24.4 cm. Image dimension width 18.2 cm. Page dimension height 31.5 cm. Page dimension width 24.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Italian Description Indigo processing plant. Three blacks [slaves] work at the processing pools. Details include wooden tables for drying indigo, indigo knife and bowl, dwellings, palm trees. Items in the image are lettered for identification in a key above. Source Title Il gazzettiere Americano... Volume primo Source place of publication In Livorno [Leghorn] Source publisher Per Marco Coltellini all' Insegna della Verità Source date MDCCLXIII [1763] notes Text describes indigo manufacturing in Charlestown, South Carolina. This gazeteer was translated from an English edition and was the first comprehensive geographical dictionary of America in Italian. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary Add a comment geographic area North America Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Plan of a farm or plantation] Creator 1 Souza Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher No Arco do Cego Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 6; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 19.6 cm. Image dimension width 12.5 cm. Page dimension height 23.4 cm. Page dimension width 16.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Plan of an indigo farm showing the regulation of water necessary to process indigo. Includes diagram of river, dikes, and sluices. Also includes a scale and illustration of a rush plant, a banana palm, and a manioc or cassava plant. Items in the image are lettered and numbered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes Rushes (Juncaceae) are grown in swampy areas and are used for illumination, bedding, and flooring.A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Plantations

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Indigo processing plant] Creator 1 M. Creator 1 role f. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher No Arco do Cego Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 5; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 19.3 cm. Image dimension width 13 cm. Page dimension height 23.2 cm. Page dimension width 17.4 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Indigo processing plant showing a vat with a slurry which is being stirred up by two black men [slaves?]. Also includes two men pounding with mortar and pestle, a drying house with racks for drying indigo, a cross section of the pestle, a cross section of the drying house, a sheet with leaves or flowers, and a rack with bags and cones for drying indigo. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes This image is derived from an image in another volume of this work. Cf A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Indigo processing plant] Creator 1 M. Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher No Arco do Cego Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 4; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 21.1 cm. Image dimension width 14.1 cm. Page dimension height 23.6 cm. Page dimension width 17 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Indigo processing plant showing the various vats with beaters to stir up the indigo slurry and scoops. Includes the drying house with indigo laid out on slats, as well as a cross section of the processing plant. Also includes a well with scaffolding built around it and a chute to carry water to the vats. Two men [slaves?] draw water from the well. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes This image is derived from an image in another volume of this work. Cf A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Diagram of indigo production machinery] Creator 1 Figdo. Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Simão Thaddeo Ferreira] Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 7A; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 12.5 cm. Image dimension width 18.9 cm. Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 22.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Diagram of indigo production machinery. Includes plans and cross sections of grinding and beating machines. Items in the image are lettered and numbered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes The machinery shown here is also illustrated in three dimensions in A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Visual categories Mechanical drawings Subject matter inventions Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigo industry

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number H790 C351v vol. 1 Image title [Agricultural industry in South Carolina] Creator 1 Benedetto Bordiga Creator 1 dates Creator 1 role inc. Place image published [Milan] Image publisher [Giuseppe Marelli] Image date [1790] Image function fold-out plate; following p. 320 Technique engraving Image dimension height 24.4 cm. Image dimension width 18.2cm. Page dimension height 31.1 cm. Page dimension width 21 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Figures 1 and 2 show winnowing and grinding in rice processing. Figures 4 and 5 show indigo processing--washing, settling, and drying of indigo blocks. Figure 6 shows sweet potatoes and the hills in which they are planted. Items in the image are are numbered and lettered for identification in the text. Source creator Castiglioni, Luigi, Source Title Viaggo negli Stati Uniti dell'America settentrionale... Tomo primo Source place of publication Milano [Milan] Source publisher Nella Stamperia di Giuseppe Marelli Source date 1790 Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary Add a comment geographic area North America Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Indigo--South Carolina Subject headings Rice--South Carolina

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Views of indigo production machinery] Creator 1 Fig. Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Simão Thaddeo Ferreira] Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 7B; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 12.6 cm. Image dimension width 18.9 cm. Page dimension height 17.2 cm. Page dimension width 22.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Views of indigo production machinery. Includes [top] view of horse-drawn grinding mill and beating basins. [bottom] View of slaves [?] hand-turning beaters, as well as a waterwheel beating system. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes This image shows in three dimensions the machinery illustrated in previous plate, A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Visual categories Mechanical drawings Subject matter inventions Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Slaves--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Views of sluice system] Creator 1 Marqs. Creator 1 role f[ecit]. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher No Arco do Cego Image date [1800] Image function fold-out plate 10; vol. 2, part 2, following p. [263] Technique engraving Image dimension height 20.5 cm. Image dimension width 14.4 cm. Page dimension height 24.4 cm. Page dimension width 18.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Views of sluice system for indigo production. Includes representations of dams, dikes, canals, basins, and irrigation systems. Also includes a guardhouse and black man [slave?] lengthening a water trench. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tomo II. Parte II Source place of publication [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Officina de Simão Thaddeo Ferreira Source date M. DCCC. [1800] notes This image shows in three dimensions the machinery illustrated in previous plate, A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Visual categories Mechanical drawings Subject matter inventions Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo Subject headings Indigo industry

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title [Black youths plant, cultivate, and harvest indigo.] Creator 1 F. Creator 1 role gr. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function fold-out plate 9 [sic]; vol. 2, part 1, following p. [342] Technique engraving Image dimension height 21.6 cm. Image dimension width 15.2 cm. Page dimension height 24.9 cm. Page dimension width 20 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description [top] Black youths or boys [slaves] till the soil using a plow pulled by other blacks. Behind them girls plant seeds. [middle top] Blacks excavate holes to plant seeds while others use hoes to cultivate the field. [middle bottom] Black men use hooks or knives to cut the indigo crop while others bundle the stalks and carry them away. [bottom] Various tools used in indigo production in the Americas, including hoes, knife or machete, rakes, cup or sieve, and shears.Items in the image are lettered and numbered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes The shears are noted to have been invented by Jean Barre de Saint-Venant [Saint Yanant], French agriculturalist and engineer at Cap Français in Saint Domingue (present-day Haiti). A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Indigoaria, ou fabrica de anil. Creator 1 Vianna Creator 1 role grav. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function fold-out plate 2; vol. 2, part 1, following p. [342] Technique engraving Image dimension height 15.6 cm. Image dimension width 21.7 cm. Page dimension height 19.5 cm. Page dimension width 24.8 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Portuguese Description Indigo processing plant. Three blacks [slaves] work at the processing pools. Includes wooden tables for drying indigo, indigo knife and sampling bowl, cones for drying indigo, bucket, dwellings, and waterfall. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceeding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes This image is also in Il gazzettiere Americano, Livorno [Leghorn], A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Batedoiro montado=tablado do poço=Caza de secar=Corte vertical da fabrica. Creator 1 Frietas Creator 1 role grav. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function fold-out plate 3; vol. 2, part 1, following p. [342] Technique engraving Image dimension height 15.4 cm. Image dimension width 21.7 cm. Page dimension height 19.5 cm. Page dimension width 25.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Indigo processing plant showing the various vats with beaters to stir up the indigo slurry, and scoops. Includes the drying house with indigo laid out on slats, as well as a cross section of the processing plant. Also includes a well with scaffolding built around it and a chute to carry water to the vats. Two men [slaves?] draw water from the well. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number C798 V441f Image title Batedoiro - descascadoiro das Sementes - infundidoiro das folhas - seccadoiro - de penduradoiro ou Cabide. Creator 1 Freitas Creator 1 role grav. Place image published [Lisbon] Image publisher [Royal Press] Image date [1806] Image function fold-out plate 4; vol. 2, part 1, following p. [342] Technique engraving Image dimension height 15.6 cm. Image dimension width 22.1 cm. Page dimension height 20.4 cm. Page dimension width 26.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Indigo processing plant showing a vat with a slurry which is being stirred up by two black men [slaves?]. Also includes a horse-drawn grinding mill, two men pounding with mortar and pestle, a drying house with racks for drying indigo, a cross section of the drying house, a sheet with leaves or flowers, and a rack with bags and cones for drying indigo. Items in the image are lettered for identification in preceding text. Source creator Velloso, José Mariano da Conceiçao, Source Title [Fazendeiro do Brazil] O fazendeiro do Brazil... Tom. II. Parte I Source place of publication Lisboa [Lisbon] Source publisher Na Impressam Regia Source date 1806 notes A noted botantist, Velloso was appointed director of the press, Arco do Cego, incorporated in 1798 into the royal printing office. Meant to modernize the Portuguese empire, the Arco do Cego published at least 80 works in three years on various topics, including agriculture, navigation, and medicine. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Brazil Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Indigo industry Subject headings Indigo--Brazil

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number D767 C359h / 2-SIZE Image title [Leaves, flowers, and berries of various briars and a tree] Creator 1 Mark Catesby Creator 1 dates Place image published [London] Image publisher [J. Millan] Image date [1767] Image function plates 34, 33, 31, 32; following p. 16 Technique engraving, hand coloring Image dimension height 26.3 cm. Image dimension width 26.3 cm. Page dimension height 36.2 cm. Page dimension width 27 cm. Materials medium ink, colors Materials support paper Description Leaves, flowers, and berries or seeds of the (34) Barba Jovis Caroliniana frutescens acaciae foliis, or Jove's Beard or indigo tree, (33) Smilax non spinosa, humilis baccis rubris, a smilax with red berries, (31) Smilax levis lauri folio, baccis nigris, o Source creator Catesby, Mark, Source Title Hortus Europae americanus: or, a collection of 85 curious trees and shrubs, the produce of North America... Source place of publication London Source publisher Printed for J. Millan, near Whitehall Source date M DCC LXVII [1767] notes The smilax belongs to a species which includes a number of plants including the greenbriar, catbriar, and sarsaparilla. All have sharp thorns, a vining habit, and hard berries. Identification of various trees supplied from text. Time Period References (Apr. 2006) Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area North America Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Botany--North America Subject headings Natural history--North America

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number D731 C359n / 3-SIZE Image title Linaria coerulea. The Blew Linnet. Solanum &c flore carneo. Creator 1 Mark Catesby Creator 1 dates Place image published [London] Image publisher [Mark Catesby, W. Innys, R. Manby, Mr. Haksbee] Image date [1731] Image function plate 45; vol.1 Technique etching, hand coloring Image dimension height 34.9 cm. (platemark) Image dimension width 25.9 cm. (platemark) Page dimension height 51.3 cm. Page dimension width 35.3 cm. Materials medium ink, colors Materials support paper Languages Latin, English Description Indigo bunting on a Catesby's trillium. Includes leaves, flower, bulb, and seedpod. Source creator Catesby, Mark, Source Title The natural history of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands: containing the figures of birds, beasts, fishes, serpents, insects, and plants... Source place of publication London Source publisher Printed at the Expence of the Author; and Sold by W. Innys and R. Manby,... by Mr. Hauksbee,... and by the Author... Source date MDCCXXXI. [1731] notes Scientific name of the indigo bunting: Passerina cyanea.Named after Catesby this trillium, Trillium catesbaei, is also known as the bashful wakerobin.Catesby's monogram is included on this plate. Time Period References (Jan. 2007) Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Caribbean Islands geographic area North America Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject headings Birds Subject headings Natural history Subject headings Ornithology