Do Now What is ecology?

Ecology

Review Hierarchy of life – DKPCOFGS vs biome So, what is an ecosystem again?

Habitat vs geographic range

Biodiversity Work in partners and define in notebooks

Biodiversity Buzz word Ill-defined Genes, habitat types, life overall, communities, species richness Species diversity vs species richness

Review A (an) ______ is any part of an organism's environment that causes a reaction. Aorganization Bspecies Cadaptation Dstimulus

The process of natural changes that take place during an organism's life is called ____. Agrowth Bdevelopment Cadaptation Dresponse

Changes that take place in a population over time, like penguins developing feather placement that withstands cold temperatures, is called A evolution B adaptation C development D A and B E All of the above

Which of these is not an example of the body maintaining homeostasis? Alungs absorbing oxygen Bemergence of an evolutionary adaptation Cinsulin production in the pancreas Dred blood cells delivering oxygen

Two students were testing the amount of fertilizer that would best promote growth of strawberries in a garden. Which of the following could be an unavoidable source of experimental error? Alength of the study Bvariation in the strawberry plants Cthe cost of watering the plants Dfertilization during the study

Which is required of all living things? AMobility BCarbon Dioxide CEnergy DOxygen ESunlight

In order to maintain homeostasis, it is most important for an animal to be able to – Ahide from its predators Bchange its habitat Cincrease its prey population Drespond to its environment

Two species are more closely related to each other if they share the same A Domain B Class C Genus D Family

Do Now What is the difference between a geographic range and a habitat?

Tolerance limits If I have a tank with five different temperature zones, and 100 fish, what do you think the distribution would be? Talk to your partners and write down your answers.

Shape of most distributions From Krohne (1997)

Differences Individuals (genetics) vs populations (variance) vs species differences vs age range Highly tolerant= weedy species – Define weed Acclimation – Threshold effect

Do all factors work the same way? Do you think there are any factors which prevent individuals from inhabiting an area when absent? (ex. Can you live somewhere without oxygen?) – Name 3 in partners (2 minutes)

Limiting factors For moose, some aquatic plants Typical include temperature, water, light, soil nutrients (including too much) Aquatic- salinity, DO (dissolved oxygen)

Do Now Graph the following data

Biodiversity What factors would you use to measure biodiversity? We will use these to construct an equation (index).

Simpson’s Diversity Index D= 1/Σpi 2 Evenness

Review 1) Which of the following is the best example of an abiotic factor that could be an acclimation threshold? – A. Competition – B. Salinity levels – C. Food levels – D. Number of rocks

Review 2)Which of the following would most likely not survive in the zone of physiological stress? A.An adult dragonfly B.An immature lion C.An adult lion

Review 3) How many individuals can survive in the zone of intolerance for a significant length of time? A. 0% B. 10% C. 50% D. 100%

Trophic levels and food chains vs food webs

Do Now Why is energy lost moving up trophic levels?

Draw an ecological pyramid Use the following organisms and follow the directions: mice, grasshoppers, owls and grass Draw a pyramid stratified into four levels to represent different trophic levels Find the autotrophic producers and write their name in the bottom level Find the primary consumer and write them in the next level…etc

Pyramid types Biomass Numbers Energy flow Remember 90% rule

Do Now How does the 90% rule dictate that an environment can carry less snakes than mice?

Gross primary productivity vs net Gross Primary Productivity= rate at which an ecosystems producers turn sunlight (chem E) into biomass -Net P P= gross minus rate at which they use stored biomass to survive (respiration)= rate at which E FOR USE BY CONSUMERS is stored as biomass (kcal/m 2 /yr) or (g biomass/ m 2 /yr) -BIOME TYPES AND AMOUNTS?

Review 1. Which of the following is a significant abiotic factor in the phosphorous cycle but not significant in the nitrogen cycle? a. Fossil fuel burning b. Tree decomposition c. Weathering of rocks d. guano

Review 2) Which of the following cycles is influenced by humans? a. Carbon b. Nitrogen c. Water d. Phosphorous e. All of the above

Review 3) Which of the following cycles is most involved in global climate change? a. Carbon b. Nitrogen c. Sulfur d. phosphorous

Review 4) Which of the following cycles most impacts soil quality and fertility? a. Carbon b. Water c. Nitrogen d. Bi-cycle

Review 5) Primary productivity a. Is unrelated to biomass b. Is unrelated to biome type c. Is a measure of photosynthetic rate d. Is a measure of biodiversity e. Depends upon economics