Skeletal System

What is the job of the skeletal system? The skeleton has five major functions: 1) Provides shape and support. 2) Enables you to move. 3) Protects your organs. 4) Produces blood cells. 5) Stores minerals until your body needs them.

Movement and protection The skeletal system cannot move on its own, it needs help from the muscular system. The muscles pull on the bones to make them move. The skeleton also protects your internal organs. Example: rib cage protects your heart, lungs and intestines.

Production and storage The bones produce blood cells for the body. They are also a storage unit for certain minerals. Calcium and phosphorus are stored within the bones. “Milk it makes strong bones” Milk has a mineral called calcium and this mineral is stored in your bones, and provides your body with minerals as it is needed.

Shape and support When a baby is born they have 275 bones, why do you think that is? An Adult human has 206 bones in their body

Names of bones

Joints Joints- where two bones meet.  Two types of joints  Movable- joints that can move  Immovable- joints that can’t move

Movable Joints of the skeleton The skeleton has four different types of movable joints.  1) Hinge joint  2) Ball and socket  3) Pivot Joint  4) Gliding joint

Hinge Joint Picture of hinge joint Hinge joint only moves in one direction.  Where the humorous and radius come together at the elbow is a hinge joint. Hinge joint

Ball and socket Picture of ball and socket joint The ball and socket joint allows the greatest range of motion. It allows you to rotate close to 360 degrees. Location- hip and shoulder Ball and socket joint

Gliding joint Picture of gliding joint Gliding joint allows one bone to slide over another. Location- wrist and ankle Gliding joint

Pivot joint Picture of pivot joint Pivot joint allows one bone to rotate around another. Location- neck Pivot joint

How are joints held together There are two different kinds of joints, “where two bones meet.” Bones are held together by ligaments (link) In between bones there is cartilage, this prevents bones from rubbing on each other

Cartilage Knee Cartilage Cartilage- is a connective tissue that is more flexible than bone. Cartilage is found in the tip of the nose and in your ears. It also layers the ends of the bones to prevent bone from rubbing on bone. Cartilage

Ligaments Ligaments- are a strong connective tissue that holds bones in line, and in place. Ligaments link bone to bone Ligaments

Layers of the bone Bones are complex living structures that undergo growth and development. Only 20% of a humans body weight is from your bones. Bones are light weight but can with stand a lot of pressure. Bones are alive they can grow, and repair after a break. Osteoporosis- as you get older you lose minerals from with in the bones making them weak, they can break easily.

Outer layer Compact bone- outer layer that is dense and hard Compact Bone

Marrow Marrow- soft, connective tissue with in the bone. Two types  Red- makes more Red blood cells  Yellow- stores fat and can serve as an energy reserve. Marrow

Spongy Bone Spongy bone- found at the end of the bones looks like a sponge, many small spaces within, making it light weight. Spongy Bone

Bone structure

Skeletal practice Quiz How many bones are in an adult body? ____________ What do we call the tissue that cushions the space in between the bones? ____________ What is the name of the tissue that links bones together?__ What is the tissue called that makes red blood cells? _____ Give the name of three movable joints? _____________ What are the five major functions of the skeleton? ______ What is one mineral that is stored within your bones? ____ Give ten different names of bones and where they are located in the body.