Period 1: Period 1 is roughly 5% of the AP Exam You will NOT see an essay exclusively on this period You could see a topic that incorporates this period as part of a broader idea For example - Experiences of European countries in America Much of the focus of this period is on Native life PRIOR to contact, and positive and negative interactions between Natives, Africans, and Europeans

Content Overview Part 1: Natives BEFORE European Contact: Native Americans developed a wide variety of social, political, and economic structures based upon interactions with each other and the environment. Development of different and complex societies that both transformed and adapted to their diverse environments Examples: Southwest (Pueblo): lived in arid land and relied on irrigation to grow maize & other agricultural products Great Basin & Great Plains (Lakota Sioux): lack of natural resources led to growth of nomadic lifestyle & the importance of hunting buffalo Atlantic coast & Northeast (Iroquois): mix of agricultural & hunter-gatherer society. Established permanent villages

Part 2: Why European Exploration? Social, Political and Economic reasons Part 3: European Interaction with natives in America -Effects on natives (positive and negative) -Effects on Europe socially, politically and economically -Resistance movements -Debates about the treatment of natives Part 4: Global Effect of European Exploration -Africa -Elsewhere?

Big Picture- Period Why might historians have chosen 1491 to begin the time period and 1607 to end the time period? Argue for another beginning and end date (periodization) 1.Explain how contact between Native Americans and Europeans brought changes to Native American societies in the period What remained the same during this time period? (change and continuity) 1.What might be the greatest effect of European contact with the ”New World”? What effect is the second most significant?(causation) 1.How did Spanish interaction with natives in the Americas compare to the French? (comparison)---be sure to focus on similarities and differences. 1.What was happening in the world that influenced the events of the time period? (contextualization)---be sure to focus on political, economic and social themes. Be sure to incorporate terms from the Unit 1 Study Guide in your answers.