OPTIMUM DESIGN OF A HOUSE AND ITS HVAC SYSTEMS USING SIMULATION

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Presentation transcript:

OPTIMUM DESIGN OF A HOUSE AND ITS HVAC SYSTEMS USING SIMULATION BASED OPTIMISATION M.Hamdy A.Hasan K.Sirén Aalto University

Introduction buildings a major sector of energy consumption continuously stricter energy directives demand for improved energy solutions in buildings OPTIMISATION of the building structures and HVAC systems

Case building two-floor semi-detached house total floor area 143 m2 room height 2.5 m mechanical ventilation + heat recovery air exchange rate 0.6 1/h initial design according to Finnish building code

Ground floor Upper floor

Design variables x1 insulation thickness, wall 40 x2 insulation thickness, roof 40 x3 insulation thickness, floor 40 x4 type of window 5 x5 building tightness 5 x6 type of heating (cooling) system 5 x7 type of heat recovery 3 x8 type of shading 2 Alternatives = 40x40x40x5x5x5x3x2 = 48 ∙106

Objective functions Problem definition F1 = Investment cost [€] F2 = CO2 emissions of heating [kg/a] Problem definition Min [F1(x), F2(x)]; x = [x1, x2,…, x8]T;

New decision variables. Start Tools Simulation: IDA-ICE Optimisation: Genetic Algorithm (MATLAB) Simulation IDA-ICE New decision variables. Energy CO2 PPD Optimisation MATLAB Investment LCC MinF(x)? no yes End

Investment cost € CO2 emissions (kg/a) 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 CO2 emissions (kg/a)

Non-dominated solutions, no constraint 41

Indoor air temperature, point 41

Indoor air temperature, point 41

DH24 CONSTRAINT DH24 = S (Ti - 24) dt Ti - 24 > 0 8760 DH24 = S (Ti - 24) dt Ti - 24 > 0 Ti indoor air temperature during the hour i dt time increment (3600 s) i=1

Non-dominated solutions, DH24 constraint Heat Pump + free cooling (sys 5) + Shading Heat Pump + free cooling (sys 5) District heat (sys 3) Heat Pump + free cooling (sys 5) Fuel boiler (sys 2) Ele. Rad (sys 1)

Conclusions the non-constrained optimisation finds 41 non- dominated solutions the electric radiator system and the heat-pump system are the extremes of the selection these solutions suffer from summer time overheating adding a DH24 constraint shifts the pareto front towards more expensive solutions setting DH24<1000 Chr selects heat-pump only

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