Pressure and Volume

Scientists look for patterns in nature.

Pressure and Volume Are these two values related?

Pressure and Volume Are these two values related? P + V P – V P x V P ÷ V

Pressure and Volume Robert Boyle ( )

Pressure and Volume

If you double the pressure, you cut the volume in half.

Pressure and Volume Boyle’s Law: PV = K

Pressure and Volume Boyle’s Law: PV = K P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2

Volume and Temperature

What happens to the volume of a gas as it warms up or cools down?

Volume and Temperature Jacques Charles ( )

Volume and Temperature Are these two values related? V + T V – T V x T V ÷ T

Volume and Temperature Charles’s Law: V/T = K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

Volume and Temperature Charles’s Law: V/T = K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2 (Temp must be in o Kelvin)

Volume and Temperature T Kelvin = T Celcius

Pressure and Temperature

Joseph Gay-Lussac

Pressure and Temperature Gay-Lussac’s Law: P/T = K P 1 /T 1 = P 2 /T 2 (Temp must be in o Kelvin)

Example Problems All three of these laws predict changes. P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2 P 1 /T 1 = P 2 /T 2

Example Problems You will be given three of the four values. Plug them in and solve for the fourth.

Example Problems A gas sample at 40.0 o C occupies a volume of 2.32 L. If the temperature is raised to 75.0 o C, what will the volume be, assuming the pressure remains constant?

Example Problems A gas sample at 40.0 o C occupies a volume of 2.32 L. If the temperature is raised to 75.0 o C, what will the volume be, assuming the pressure remains constant?

Example Problems T 1 = 40.0 o C V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 75.0 o C V 2 = ?

Example Problems T 1 = 40.0 o C V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 75.0 o C V 2 = ? V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

Example Problems T 1 = 40.0 o C = 313 V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 75.0 o C = 348 V 2 = ? V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

Example Problems T 1 = 313 o K = 313 V 1 = 2.32 L T 2 = 348 o K = 348 V 2 = ? V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

Example Problems 2.32 L ? = o K 348 o K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx = ? 313 o K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx = 2.58 L 313 o K V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2

Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx = 2.58 L 313 o K Does the answer make sense?

Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx = 2.58 L 313 o K Does the answer make sense? A small rise in temperature caused a small increase in volume.

Example Problems 2.32 L 348 o Kx = 2.58 L 313 o K Does the answer make sense? A small rise in temperature caused a small increase in volume. Yes, it makes sense.

Homework Read section 14.1 Do problems 1, 2, 6, 7, 9, 10 Your next test will involve problems like these..