AMANY ALKHAYAT PSCW ENG371 INTRODUCTION TO CORPUS PROCESSING Corpus Processing Ch1

What is Corpus Linguitics? What is a concordancer?

What a corpus can do? 1. Frequency Which is more frequent in a corpora, grammar words or lexical words? 2. Phraseology: “Many instances of use of a word or phrase, allowing the user to observe regularities in use that tend to remain unobserved”. (Hunston p. 9)

What a corpus can do? 3. Collocations: Words that frequently co-occur or tend to be attached to each other. Ex. Collocates of the word shed can be: light, tears, garden, jobs, blood, cents, image ….etc. The accurate meaning of the word shed, for example, depend on its collocate. Shed light: brighten (metaphorically) Shed blood: die or feel pain

Usage of Corpora Teaching language: not relying on NS intuition Help students know more about language with the help of corpora. The use of comparable corpora by translators. Ex. False friends. General corpora for frequency and measuring against with other individual texts Studying ‘’cultural attitudes’’ and a means for studying critical discourse analysis.

Types of corpora Specialized General Comparable Parallel (same text) Lerner corpora Pedagogic Historical Monitor (for tracking changes that occur in a language)

Some key terms Type: counting each repeated item once only Token: word count Hapax: a word that occurred once Lemma: ex. Ate, eaten belong to the same lemma EAT What about tagging, parsing and annotation?

Some key terms Tagging: ‘’addition of a code in a corpus indicating part of speech’’ (Hunston: 18) Parsing: ‘’the analysis of texts into constituents, such as clauses and groups.’’ (Hinston: 19) Annotation: ‘’Describing other kinds of information that can be added to a corpora’’. Like annotation of anaphora in spoken corpus.