DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Earthquake Studies And Earthquake Monitoring in Bangladesh Syed Humayun Akhter Dhaka University Earth Observatory Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh IRIS Metadata Workshop ‘Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks’ Bangkok, Thailand January 8-13, 2012

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA I N D I A N P L A T E E U R A S I A N P L A T E B U R M E S E P L A T E Active Subduction Zone Spreading Andaman Sea 6 cm/yr 2 cm/yr Tectonic setup of Bangladesh

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Dauki Fault Modhupur Fault Sylhet-Assam Fault Chittagong-Myanmar Fault POTENTIAL SOURCES OF MAJOR EARTHQUAKE DHAKA 1885 M M M?? 1762 M M8.4 Main Boundary Fault 1918 M M7.7

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Rapid population growth and urbanization increases earthquake hazard, strain on groundwater resources Growth of Dhaka Images from Chris Small

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA 1979 Dhaka city: Rapid urbanization (unplanned) Area: 360 sqkm; Population: 9 million Population density: 25000/sqkm Population increase: 4.2% per year

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA SEISMIC & GPS NETWORK IN BANGLADESH Networks: 2 1. Dhaka University Earth Observatory -- Participating Universities: 7  Dhaka University  Rajshahi University  Khulna University  Shajalal University of Science & Technology (SUST)  Chittagong University  Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology (CUET)  Patuakhali Science & Technology University (PSTU) Seismic Stations -- 6 permanent & 6 portable GPS Stations continuous 2. Bangladesh Meteorology Department (BMD) Seismic Observatories – 4 GPS Stations -- 4 University Consortium

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA SEISMIC & GPS NETWORK IN BANGLADESH DUEO & L-DEO Collaborative Research Program Permanent stations 1 Broadband Seismometer at Dhaka University – since Broadband + 1 Short Period Seismometers installed in May Short Period Seismometers – CUET & SUST – 2009 & 2011 Portable Seismic Array 3 BB & 3 SP Seismometers – Sylhet Array -- February 2007 – Tangail Array -- October 2008 – Chittagong Array -- August 2010 Bangladesh Meteorology Department (BMD) 6 Broadband Seismometers (2 borehole) -- June Short Period Seismometers – June 2007 Rajshahi University, Khulna University & PSTU

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Sensors Data Loggers Seismometer Specifications (a) Broadband -- Guralp, UK, CMG 40T (b) Short Period -- Mark Products, L-43D and L22D (c) Intermediate band -- Kinemetrics, USA, SV1/SH1, T0 (d) Broadband -- Geotech Instrument LLC, Dallas, KS-2000, 3 component with 120s to 50 Hz nearly flat response to input ground velocity. (e) Short Period -- Geospace LP, HS-10, vertical- or horizontal-component seismometer with natural period, T0=1s, and nominal gain of 118 V/M/s. (a) RT RefTek – 6-channel 24-bit A/D (b) RT72A RefTek -- 3-channel 24-bit A/D (c) RT72A-02 --RefTek -- 6 channel 16-bit A/D Softwares PQL, Earthworm, Swarm, Hypoinverse & Antelope

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Permanent GPS installed 2003 and Permanent Seismic ; Continuous GPS 2007 Portable Seismic Array DUEO – LDEO Joint Research Program

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Tangail Array northwest of Dhaka, Nov July Small earthquakes detected and located in Tangail area -Cluster of earthquakes located in SW of Dhaka -Need to evaluate earthquake hazard at Dhaka

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Example Earthquake Catalog for Nov May 2009 Near Dhaka, Bangladesh Id Date Time Latitude Long. Depth Mag rms Eh Ez Gap (yr-mo-dy) (hh:mm:ss) (ºN) (ºE) (km) (Md) (s) (km) (km) (º) :00: :15: :16: :27: :46: :22: :28: :54: :31: :34: :37: :04: :03: :27: :35: :58: :35: :17: :56: :57: :57: :12: :59: :34: :11: :02: :18: * Md=coda duration magnitude; Ez =31.61 km when it was not resolved. -27 small earthquakes are located, Md Focal depths, km -Construct a good velocity model for accurate location (3D?) -Need to develop a magnitude scale based on seismic moment

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA -During the 1 st year of PIRE Project (since Aug. 2010), Seismic stations are spread around Bangladesh to cover various topics in the project. -We will deploy additional six stations at Sylhet, Chittagong and Dhaka regions. Present Seismic Array

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA We established a basic networks of seismometers and GPS in collaboration with LDEO and support from NSF Portable seismometer Kanaighat Portable seismometer Sylhet GPS, Sitakund Permanent seismic station Dhaka GPS, Dhaka

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Transformation of Seismic and Geodesy Laboratory with modern training facility with support from USAID

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Fostering A Bangladeshi Seismological Community Through Training And Facility Development Workshop participants

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DHAK Roof of Geology Building, Dhaka University

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Shortening of Accretionary Prism

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Future Program -- continue present EQ monitoring program -- add more seismic stations to the network -- real time data acquisition from all stations -- earthquake catalog -- continue earthquake training program -- develop mass awareness -- develop cell phone base shake map

DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA DUEO, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka SHA Thank you!