Section 3

 Indulgence – a pardon  Reformation – a movement for religious reform/change  Lutheran – person that follows the teaching of Martin Luther  Protestant – Christians who belong to non-catholic churches  Annul – to cancel or set aside  Anglican – Church of England, only legal church in England  Predestination – doctrine that god has decided all things beforehand  Theocracy – government controlled by religious leaders

Government EconomicReligious Monarchs challenging the church Leaders challenging the Pope Viewed Pope as another ruler Royal families jealous of churches money People hated paying taxes Church leaders becoming corrupt ($) People found some of the church rules as unfair/unreas onable Did not trust church leaders

 Founded by a man named Martin Luther  Led a protest over abuses in the Catholic Church

 From Germany  Wrote the 95 Theses :  Formal statements attacking “pardon- merchants”  Began his own teachings

 Win salvation only by faith of God’s forgiveness  All Church teachings should be clearly based on the Bible  All people with faith were equal

 Pope excommunicated Luther because he would not take back his statements  Emperor said no one can give Luther food or shelter  German princes supported Luther after he stopped a revolt

 Johann Gutenberg improves the Chinese printing press  Improvements made it easier and cheaper to print books  Print hundreds of copies  First full book was the Gutenberg Bible

1. New art began to show in Italy 2. Humanist began to live like the Greeks and Romans 3. Visitors and Scholars visited Italy 4. Thomas wrote the book Utopia 5. Churches in Italy began decorating with artwork 6. Erasmus wrote the book Praise of Folly 7. Martin Luther began to protest 8. City-State problems caused people to leave 9. German Princes supported Luther 10. Luther was excommunicated

1. What was one way the Renaissance changed society? 2. Why was the invention of the printing press so important? 3. How did the Catholic church respond to Luther’s teachings? 4. What political, economic, and social factors helped bring about the Reformation? 5. Explain the purpose of Luther’s 95 Theses.