江西财经大学 职业体育俱乐部管理

The rising root of sport club The sport club has been developing with the development of modern industry.

First, the industry revolution improved people’s life level 珍妮纺纱机 美国 “ 克莱蒙号 ” 汽 船， 1807 年由美国 人富尔敦制造的第一艘汽船

The technology development provided conditions and substance guarantee for people’s taking part in sport.

Second, the working time has been decreasing continuously

Third, city became the center of social activities With the improvement of traffic, more and more people went to cities from the rural areas.

The proportion of city rose from 5% in 1800 to 30% in 1900 in America

The result of forming more cities 1. Changing the working pattern, appeared more service trade; 2. Recreation activities which took sport as the main form became the social pastime ways.

Sport competition became a main competitive symbol among cities and districts.

Fourth, the tie from machinery made people pay more attention to sport Machinery production tied people’s body and mind,and which made people have the requirements for sport; To improve the production,the capitalists also began to let workers take part in sports.

During the period of , England and America established a lot of stadiums and gymnasiums.

Fifth, the rising of modern university provided necessary persons and markets for professional sport.

The sport popularization in school resulted in two aspects: Uniform sport rules began to appear; A lot of new sport events were created and have been popularizing to these days.

1863 年 12 月 1 日，一帮剑桥大学的贵族投票 最终促成了现代足球规则的诞生

Sixth, media and newspaper increased the number of competition spectators.

The sport news on early newspapers.

A lot of sport clubs began to make advertisement in newspaper.

The appearance of professional club and improvement of competition system made more football clubs began to rise up.

At first,the administrators tried to keep the competition’s amateurism. But with the income increasing, club began to pay money to the athletes. Then the professional sport club appeared.

In general, a lot of elements resulted in the appearance and development of professional sport club such as citylization, technology progress, people’s pursuit of spirit life, the cooperation of media, etc.

The categories of sport club ： Amateurish sport club Professional sport club Commercial sport club

first, amateurish sport club is the group which is formed by the people having the same sport hobbies.

second, commercial sport club is the sport service industry which is based on the idea of “spending money for health”.

third, professional sport club is the sport club which possess of the professional athletes and can take part in the national professional league matches.

Professional sport club Payoff sport club No payoff sport club The categories of professional sport club

Fourth, the evolution of sport club Among the three categories sport clubs, the amateur sport club appeared earliest.

From the beginning, the amateur sport was held by the rich men, and the poor people were refused.

Then,appeared the professional sport club. The amateur and professional sport club existed at the same time.

Fifth, the evolution of commercial sport club The commercial sport was produced for compensating the shortcomings of amateur sport club.

Commercial sport clubs are welcomed by all levels of people because of providing good service for their different requirements.