Brain Pop What is the difference in appearance between an animal and plant cell 1

2 1.nucleus 2.cytoplasm 3.cell membrane4.vacuole 5.mitochondria6.chloroplast (P) 7.Golgi Apparatus8.ribosomes 9.Endoplasmic reticulum(ER) 10.Vesicles

Two Types of Cells Prokaryotes Any cellular organism that does not contain a nuclear membrane ( which houses its genetic material) No organelle in the cytoplasm except ribosomes Eukaryotes Any cellular organism in which it structure has specialized organelles. Has a membrane- bound nucleus (with genetic material) 3

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5 1. Nucleus  The “brain” of the cell  Controls all of the cellular activities  DNA is inside the nucleus

6 2. CELL MEMBRANE  Holds the cell together  Keeps all of the pieces (like the organelles and the cytoplasm) inside the cell  Controls what goes in and out of the cell Example:like a big net…

7 3. Mitochondria  Mito = Mighty / Power  The Power-House of the cell  They break down food molecules so the cell has the energy to live  If a cell needs a lot of energy… it will have more mitochondria

8 4. Endoplasmic Reticulum  Also known as the “ER”  It is an organelle inside the cell that is made up of membranes extending from the nuclear membrane. 2 Types..  Rough ER- produces (synthesizes) ribosomes which later produce proteins  Smooth ER- produces lipids, phospholipids and steroids for oil glands and secondary sexual characteristics (facial hair, breast)

9 **The vesicle move to the Golgi apparatus or the cell membrane 1)If the vesicle floats to the cell membrane, things are going to be sent out of the cell……or (exocytosis) 2)If they move to the Golgi Apparatus, things will be used inside the cell 5. VESICLES

10 6. GOLGI APPARATUS WHAT DOES IT DO? 1)It takes simple molecules and combines them to make larger molecules. Also called the Golgi Complex It is made up of a stack of flattened out sacs …like a loose stack of pancakes

11 7. CYTOPLASM Fluid inside the cell membrane & outside of the nucleus It is located everywhere except inside the nucleus.

12 8. CENTRAL VACUOLE Vacuoles are “bubbles” that float in the cell (maintain water levels) Vacuoles are more important to the survival of plant cells than they are to animal cells Stores waste products which protects the cell from contamination

13 9. Chloroplast

14 The site of photosynthesis in eukaryotic (plant) cells Stacks of disk-like structures Chloroplast (Plants Only)

15 Small dot-like structures in cells attached to the Rough ER and are free floating Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis in cells A ribosome can make the average protein in about one minute 10. Ribosomes

11. Lysosomes (animal only) Break down waste materials and cellular debris. AKA…. the stomach of the cell Digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. 16

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