TEST # 1 (2 nd Half) Friday, 14 March 2014 (later this week) Covers only “Music of the Middle East” (chapter 3) Written only (no listening) Counts for 50% of Test # 1 (on syllabus)
Indonesia
Paris World’s Fair (1889)
Paris World’s Fair (main promenade)
Indonesian Dancers
Dutch Exhibition at 1889 Paris World’s Fair From a Dutch magazine describing the “colonial exhibition” at the Paris World’s Fair (1889).
Gamelan (1889 Paris World’s Fair)
Columbian Exposition (Chicago, 1893)
Java Village (“Dutch Settlement”) at Columbian Exposition
Columbia Exposition (1893)
Chicago Gamelan
Gamelan Instruments Struck Idiophones (majority / most important) - gongs - metalophones - xylophones Membranophone – a few Chordophone – very few Aerophone – very few
Three Basic Layers Balungen = “Nuclear Melody” – the basic “tune” (played one pitch per beat) [“skeletal melody” in textbook] “Colotomic Structure” = “metrical structure” of Balungen (marked at end by largest gong) “Elaboration” = fastest moving upper parts, division of the Baungen into smaller units
Nuclear Melody (Sarons & Slentem) Slentem YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Saron
TUNINGS & SCALES SLENDRO (front) = 5 notes (pentatonic) CDEGA (or use piano black keys) PELOG (side) = 7 notes (sounds “minor”) EFGB b BCD
Colotomic Structure of BUBARAN
Gong ageng marks “Gongan” GONG
Gong ageng (largest suspended) Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & KempulYouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul
Kenong marks “kenongan” 123Kenong 567Kenong 91011Kenong GONG Kenong
Kenong (largest cradled gong) Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques – Kenong (start 1:45)YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques – Kenong
Kempul divides “Gatra” 1 Kempul3Kenong 5 Kempul 7Kenong 9 Kempul11Kenong 13 Kempul 15GONG Kenong
Kempul (smaller suspended) Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & KempulYouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul
Ketuk punctuates odd beats Ketuk KempulKetukKenong Ketuk Kempul KetukGONG Kenong
Ketuk (small cradled gong) Ex: YouTube - Gamelan - Kempyang & KetukYouTube - Gamelan - Kempyang & Ketuk