11 November November 2015 Bellringer: Clear everything off of your desk – Check in Quiz over 4.1 and 4.2; you will have 12 minutes max Highly Developed Culture-Pyramids –Mummies will start tomorrow HW: None

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4.1 & 4.2 Quiz 1.C - Pharaoh 2.D - Upper Egypt 3.F - Lower Egypt 4.B - Nobles 5.A - Afterlife 6.E - Menes 7.Silt 8.Pyramids 9.Human (king) & god

Pharaoh Nobles, Gov. Workers & Priest Scribes, Craftspeople, Merchants Farmers & Labor workers ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Slaves

The Pyramids history-the-great-pyramid

This is what a mastaba looks like!

Step Pyramid- Draw it on the right side!

Bent Pyramid- Draw it!

From Step Pyramid to True Pyramid True Pyramid Four triangle-shaped walls that met in a point on top Introduced at the start of the 4 th Dynasty Structure is almost the same as a step pyramid Used finishing blocks after dimensions were right to smooth out the sides –Usually out of limestone egypt/videos?paidlink=1&vid=HIS_SEM_Search&keywords=ancient%252Begypt%252 Bwebsites&utm_source=msn&utm_medium=cpc#the-great-pyramids-deconstructedhttp:// egypt/videos?paidlink=1&vid=HIS_SEM_Search&keywords=ancient%252Begypt%252 Bwebsites&utm_source=msn&utm_medium=cpc#the-great-pyramids-deconstructed

True Pyramid- Draw it!

How were they built? Textbook pages 94 & 95 –Huge blocks of limestone were cut with copper tools and taken by boat to the building site –Teams of workers dragged the stones on wooden sleds to the pyramid –Giant ramps made of rubble were piled around the pyramid so workers could reach the top “Historians are still not sure exactly how Egyptians built the pyramids.” (page 94)

How were they built? Mainstream hypothesis: Various kinds of ramps

How were they built? Mainstream hypothesis: The Packing Method Jean-Pierre Houdin’s “internal ramp” hypothesis

Welcome to Mummification ~Inspired by Mr. Klumper~

Definition of Mummification Drying out a dead body to prevent it from rotting Some Images for you to enjoy, sort of…..

Mummification Having your body mummified was very EXPENSIVE!!!

Why be Mummified? 1. Physical Body need to be preserved 2. Ensure a Safe Passage to the afterlife 3. Spirit would recognize you in the after life.

Step 1 & 2 of Mummification 1. Announcement of Death Messenger Sent out to the streets to announce the dead. 2. Embalming the Body Dead body brought to special tent for embalming

Step 2 - Removal of the Brain Egyptians thought brain was a Waste of space. Method 1: Remove brain through the nose with a hook Method 2. Mix up brain with wire and let it drain out through nose

Step 3 – Removal of the Internal Organs Liver, Lungs, Stomach & Intestines Method: small slit cut in stomach and organs pulled out. Organs then placed in Canopic Jars Cleansing: Body washed with oil, lotion and preserving fluids Body then stuffed with linen or straw to keep shape of a body canopic-jars.50webs.com/canopic-jars2.jpeg

Step 4 – Drying out Process Method: Body placed on slab and covered with Natron Salt The slab was on a slant so water could run out. 40 Days

Step 5 – Wrapping the Body Hundreds of Yards of Linen Shroud added at end to keep wrappings together Body covered with “Mummia” to glue everything together.

Step 6 – Final Procession Family & friends would walk through town on their way to the burial. People were paid to cry to show the gods the person was well loved The more people crying, the better. ib205.tripod.com/death/burial-2.jpg

Ritual 1 - Opening of the Mouth Priests would touch the parts of the face with special instruments. Purpose: Without this process, dead person would not be able to see, hear, eat, or move in afterlife. Then laid in burial chamber with: –belongings –canopic jars –Book of the Dead

Ritual 1 - Opening of the Mouth ib205.tripod.com/death/burial-2.jpg

Ka, Ba & Akh –The Ka was a less solid duplicate of the body. Without a physical body the soul had no place to dwell and became restless forever –The Ba was able to leave the tomb and revisit the dead person's haunts in the mortal world. –The Akh was the immortal soul which emerged when the Ka and the Ba united after the deceased person passed judgment

Ritual 2 ~Weighing of the Heart If your heart was…. (weighed against the feather of maat) -Balanced: Immortality -Heart Heavier: horrible fate Location – Hall of Maat Gods – Anubis, Ammut & Thoth

NOW….YOU TRY IT! y_maker.shtml +mummy&qpvt=horrible+historeis+egypt+mummy&FORM=VD RE#view=detail&mid=97CAFF1E451255B733B097CAFF1E B733B0