RECONSTRUCTION 5. Presidential Reconstruction

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Emancipation Proclamation Video (2:17) Digital History Emancipation Proclamation Information

2. Reconstruction was the 12 years after the Civil War ended spent on rebuilding and healing the South (since much of it was destroyed during the war). It made social, political, and economic changed but it didn’t fulfill its promises to African Americans and left the US with problems of poverty and discrimination we are still feeling today.

THINKING ACTIVITY Imagine that you have two sons. Your older son has been bullying and fighting your younger son. The older son says he is upset because the younger son gets more attention. You punish your son, and he responds by running away from home. Before he leaves, he steals $500 from you. What would you do when your son returns? Would you punish him harshly so he won’t do it again, or be lenient with him if he promises not to do it again? Explain your choice.

THINKING ACTIVITY Share out… What are your thoughts? Turn and talk to a neighbor and be prepared to share. American leaders were faced with a similar issue. They had to decide if the South should be punished for the Civil War.

There were two phases of reconstruction during its twelve years ( ): PRESIDENTIAL and CONGRESSIONAL

Presidential Reconstruction Lincoln’s aim of Reconstruction was to PRESERVE the Union and END the Civil War as quickly as possible.

In 1865 President ABRAHAM LINCOLN was assassinated. He did not live to see peace return to the Union. ANDREW JOHNSON became president, according to our Constitution.

3. Presidential Period of Reconstruction (1865 – 1857) occurred at the end of the Civil War and lasted two years. Overall, this version of Reconstruction was considered lenient towards the South. This angered Northerners who believed the South should be punished for starting the war. 3. Presidential Reconstruction Hope / GoalHow to make changesRebuilding Efforts Andrew Johnson1.Preserve the union 2.End the civil war as quickly as possible 3.Protect the rights of freemen 4.Pass the 13 th amendment – ended slavery 1.Easy or lenient plan (10% plan to readmit states) 2.Protect rights of freedmen 3.Not punish the South – show kindness and mercy 1.Rebuild the Union physically 2.Wasn’t immediately but did change within a year 3.Easy way for states to be readmitted into the Union

Andrew Johnson’s aim was to continue Lincoln’s idea of LENIENCY and kindness by not punishing the South and being FAIR to the southerners.

He did want to HUMILIATE the wealthy southern Confederates by having them ask to be PARDONED (forgiven) if they promised loyalty to the US. This gave them back their rights of citizenship and the right to VOTE. This was called the 10% PLAN.

States also had to adopt the 13 th Amendment, which ABOLISHED (did away with) slavery. The Emancipation Proclamation only freed slaves in the territory controlled by the CONFEDERACY.

Virtual tour of Ford’s Theater… follow the link

Assassination of Lincoln Video Clip on Safeshare

Johnson grants to J. W. McDonald of Greene County, AL,“a full pardon and amnesty for all offences by him committed” in the late rebellion against the Government of the United States. Among other stipulations, the pardon is conditional upon McDonald taking an oath of allegiance and is void if McDonald should “hereafter, at any time, acquire any property whatever in slaves, or make use of slave labor...” He must also “pay all costs which may have accrued in any proceeding hitherto against his person or property.”

3. Presidential Period of Reconstruction (1865 – 1857) occurred at the end of the Civil War and lasted two years. Overall, this version of Reconstruction was considered lenient towards the South. This angered Northerners who believed the South should be punished for starting the war. 3. Presidential Reconstruction Hope / GoalHow to make changesRebuilding Efforts Abraham Lincoln1.Preserve the union 2.End the civil war as quickly as possible 3.Protect the rights of freemen 4.Pass the 13 th amendment – ended slavery 1.Easy or lenient plan (10% plan to readmit states) 2.Protect rights of freedmen 3.Not punish the South – show kindness and mercy 1.Rebuild the Union physically 2.Wasn’t immediately but did change within a year 3.Easy way for states to be readmitted into the Union