AGE OF EXPLORATION EARLY EXPLORATION. Exploration begins Early Explorers: Marco Polo had explored the land route to India The “Silk Road” is established.

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Presentation transcript:

AGE OF EXPLORATION EARLY EXPLORATION

Exploration begins Early Explorers: Marco Polo had explored the land route to India The “Silk Road” is established for trade between the “east” and “west” Crusades-rediscovery of classical thought and trade, silks and spices from India Muslims in Middle East are middle man between east and west, making goods more expensive. Italy dominates this trade into Europe, and Italian merchants become very wealthy.

1.What factors led nations to explore at this time? Economic Political Religious Cultural Technological 2.Which nations/explorers played key roles in exploration? 3.How did this exploration impact the non-European native populations where the Europeans explored? 4.How did the world change as a result of the Age of Exploration? ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

EARLY EXPLORATION I. Factors A. Motives 1. What are they looking for? 2.Why are they looking for it? a) overland route too long too expensive too risky b) spice trade preserve meat seasoning perfumes/cosmetics

Motives (cont.) 3. Spread Christianity a) halt spread of Islam b) spread their “brand” of Christianity (after Reformation) 4. Renaissance spawned adventurous spirit a) curiosity about secular world b) individual fame/glory

Summary of Factors 1.GOD- goes back to reformation, and competition for new believers between protestants and catholics 2.GOLD –wealth and economic prosperty both personal and for the nation 3.GLORY –fame and fortune

B. Technological Advancements 1. navigational instruments a) improved compass b) dev. of astrolabe (latitude), using starts 2. better maps a) Arab scholars bring knowledge b) Rediscovery of Ptolemy’s grid-location system 3. shipbuilding improvements a) Portuguese caravel triangular lateen sails multiple masts/sails rudder at stern wider hull armed w/ cannon

II. PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY A. First to discover the all water route to Asia 1. Prince Henry the Navigator Strong govt. support Navigation school est. at Sagres (1419)

– Bartholomeu Dias reaches tip of Africa and into the Indian Ocean

– Vasco da Gama reaches Calicut, India (10 months)  est. 1st Europe to Asia sea route 4. Breaks Italian/Muslim trade monopoly