Mind body problem What is the relationship between mental states and the physical world? Zoltán Dienes, Philosophy of Psychology René Descartes ( )

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Week 2, Lecture 3 Dualism: mental events, substance vs. property dualism, four arguments.
Advertisements

Michael Lacewing Is the mind the brain? Michael Lacewing © Michael Lacewing.
Dualism. The reading for today is Ch. 1 of Philosophy of Mind: A Beginner’s Guide.
Metaphysics Part II. Thought Experiment: Physical & Mental Properties A1. 2 more objects: quarters, books, grass… A2. 2 more physical descriptors: green,
LECTURE 24 THE NATURE OF PERSONS PHYSICALISM AND DUALISM (“WHAT AM I?)
John Coleman DACE LWP How to reach Functionalism in 4 choices (and 639 words) Pack your baggage – mine includes Pack your baggage – mine includes.
Summer 2011 Tuesday, 07/05. Dualism The view that the mind is separate from the physical/material world. Tells us what the mind is not, but is silent.
Chapter 10: What am I?.
Terminology Materialism: The universe consists entirely of physical stuff. Normally associated with the contemporary scientific view of the world.
Mind, Body and Philosophy
Newall: Philosophy of Mind I.Mind and body are the same (monism) a)Physicalism: physical objects or processes (e.g., neural firings) are “tokens” (examples)
The Mind-Body Duality Source: Robert H. Wozniak
Chapter 2 The Mind-Body Problem
Chapter Two The Philosophical Approach: Enduring Questions.
Property dualism and mental causation Michael Lacewing
© Michael Lacewing Dualism and the Mind-Body Identity Theory Michael Lacewing
The Mind-Body Problem. Some Theories of Mind Dualism –Substance Dualism: mind and body are differerent substances. Mind is unextended and not subject.
The Mind-Body Debate. Mind-Brain Debate What is the relationship between mind and brain?
Descartes argument for dualism
© Michael Lacewing Functionalism and the Mind- Body Problem Michael Lacewing
© Michael Lacewing Mental causation Michael Lacewing
Descartes’ Meditations. I exist (as a thinking thing) God exists C & D perceptions are accurate Math Geom. Phys obj’s exist Descartes’ Meditations Mind.
Substance dualism and mental causation Michael Lacewing
Knowledge and Reality Lecture 2: Dualism. Dualism: what is it? Mind and body are different basic substances They have different essences The mind is essentially.
This week’s aims: To set clear expectations regarding homework, organisation, etc. To re-introduce the debate concerning the mind-body problem To analyse.
Philosophy of Mind The Mind/Body Problem. Overview  The Mind/Body Problem  Some Possible Solutions Dualist Solutions Monist Solutions.
Mind-Body Dualism. The Mind-Body Problem The problem of explaining how a mind is connected to and interacts with a body whose mind it is, or the problem.
Materialism: Minds and Machines
The argument from neural dependency A natural consequence of dualism should be that the mind itself is not damaged whenever the brain is damaged. A natural.
Introduction to Philosophy Lecture 14 Minds and Bodies #3 (Jackson) By David Kelsey.
© Michael Lacewing Substance and Property Dualism Michael Lacewing
Learning objective: To understand what is meant by epiphenomenalism and issues with it. epiphenomenalist dualism Causal redundancy.
Anomalous monism Michael Lacewing uk.
Philosophy of Mind Panpsychism: All is mind/conscousness.
Philosophy of Mind: Theories of self / personal identity: REVISION Body & Soul - what makes you you?
Explaining Consciousness Joe Lau Philosophy HKU. Reading Lectures notes from James Pryor at Harvard :
Property dualism Key Words Learning objective:
DUALISM: CAUSAL INTERACTIONISM Philosophy of Mind.
The Mind And Body Problem Mr. DeZilva.  Humans are characterised by the body (physical) and the mind (consciousness) These are the fundamental properties.
Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience Topic 1: An Overview.
Substance and Property Dualism Quick task: Fill in the gaps activity Quick task: Fill in the gaps activity ?v=sT41wRA67PA.
This week’s aims  To test your understanding of substance dualism through an initial assessment task  To explain and analyse the philosophical zombies.
Recap on your whiteboards
Substance and Property Dualism
Which of these do you agree with?
The Mind-Body Problem.
Minds and Bodies.
The Search for Ultimate Reality and the Mind/Body Problem
Property dualism: objections
Introduction to Philosophy Lecture 14 Minds and Bodies #3 (Jackson)
The Mind Body Problem Our minds seem to be non-physical and different from our bodies. Our bodies seem to be something different from our minds. Are they.
What is the relationship between body and soul.
Describing Mental States
What does it mean to say mental states are reducible
Unscramble The Words What are these key terms from the current theory we’re looking at? Finicalmounts Callaroues Ipunt Optutu Relegatedgunkmown Nupmat.
Functionalism Eliminativism Prop Dualism MBIT Sub Dualism Behaviourism
Whiteboards! Briefly outline the theories of occasionalism and pre-established harmony. What is the key difference between the two? Identify one key issue.
The Mind Body Problem Our minds seem to be non-physical and different from our bodies. Our bodies seem to be something different from our minds. Are they.
Recap Questions What is interactionism?
PHL 203 Theories of Reality
Analytically or Ontologically Reducible?
Think, pair, Share Is this the same person?.
Essay Writing – What makes a good philosophy essay?
What keywords have we used so far
The Mind Body Problem Our minds seem to be non-physical and different from our bodies. Our bodies seem to be something different from our minds. Are they.
Functionalism Eliminativism Prop Dualism MBIT Sub Dualism Behaviourism
The Mind-Body Problem.
What is good / bad about this answer?
The ‘hard problem’ of consciousness:
The Mind Body Problem Our minds seem to be non-physical and different from our bodies. Our bodies seem to be something different from our minds. Are they.
Presentation transcript:

Mind body problem What is the relationship between mental states and the physical world? Zoltán Dienes, Philosophy of Psychology René Descartes ( )

DUALISM substance dualism vs property dualism Mind can exist independently of any physical object Some objects, e.g. brains, can have non- physical mental features, but when the object ceases to exist so do its mental features

Dualism: epiphenomenalism vs interactionism The physical world is causally closed; the mental cannot influence the physical The mental can influence the physical (e.g. intending to lift your arm) and the physical can influence the mental (perception)

Arguments for dualism: 1) Qualia: It is like something to have mental states: see colours, feel happy, etc. Why should it be like anything to be a brain? 2) parapsychology Is there evidence for effects of the mental above and beyond the laws of physics? But if there seems to be, is that evidence for dualism or a need to revise the laws of physics?

Arguments against dualism: 1) the neural dependence of all known mental phenomena Take any mental phenomenon – including those most basic to what it is to be a conscious person – and we can monkey with it by playing with the brain 2) explanatory power What detailed characteristics of mental states have been explained by a well worked-out dualist theory? 3) evolution How does gradual natural selection lead to something non-physical popping into existence?

MONISM: idealism: Only mind exists Physicalism (materialism): Only the physical world exists Identity theory: mental states are physical states of the brain. Argument: 1.Mental states can cause physical events 2.The physical world is causally closed 3.Therefore mental states are physical states

FUNCTIONALISM Mental states are functional states (software compared to hardware). Arguments against: 1) Inverted spectra: could not my red quale be like your blue quale while our red mental states have the same functional roles and our blue mental states have the same functional roles? 2) zombies: Could there not be a system with all the right functional relationships but just no qualia?