AuthorAID Workshop on Research Writing Nicaragua November 2008 أوثوريد لكتابة ألأبحاث ورشة.

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AuthorAID Workshop on Research Writing Nicaragua November 2008 أوثوريد لكتابة ألأبحاث ورشة

Citing References Barbara Gastel, MD, MPH Texas A&M University سرد المراجع

Functions of References To give credit to others for their work To add credibility to your work by showing that you used valid information sources To help show how your work is related to previous work To help readers find further information وظائف المراجع. لاعطاء الفضل الآخرين في عملهم. لاعطاء المصداقية لعملك بأنك استخدمت مصادر معلومات صحيحة. ليساعد في تبيان ان عملك له صلة بالأعمال السابقة. ليساعد القراء للبحث عن معلومات زياده

References: Importance of Accuracy Studies show that many references are inaccurate. For references to fulfill their functions, they must be accurate. Therefore –Make sure that the cited material says what you say it does. –Make sure that all information in the citation (for example, author list, article title, journal title, volume, year, pages) is accurate. المراجع : اهمية الدقة. اظهرت الدراسات بأن العديد من المراجع غير صحيحة. يجب ان تكون المراجع صحيحة لتوءدي وظائفها. ومن ثم - تأكد ان المادة المسردة تقول مثلما تريد ان تقول - تأكد ان المعلومات في سرد المراجع ( مثلا, قائمة الموءلفين, عنوان المقالة, عنوان المجلة, المجلد, السنة, الصفحات ) صحيحة

Another Reason Your References Should Be Accurate Often, authors whose work you cite will be your peer reviewers. Inaccurate references to their work will not impress them favorably. سبب أخر يجب ان تكون مراجعك صحيحة غالبا ما يكون الموءلفين الذين ذكرتهم هم المقييمين الأساسيين. فالذكر غير الصحيح لعملهم لن يكون رأيهم لصالحك

Formats Various formats exist for citation in text—for example: –Accuracy of references is important (Day and Gastel, 2006). –Accuracy of references is important. 3 Various formats exist for items in reference lists—for example: –Pineda D Communication of science in Colombia. Sci. Ed. 26: –Pineda D. Communication of science in Colombia. Sci Ed 2003;26:91-2. التشكيل. يوجد تشكيلات مختلفة لسرد المراجع في النص – مثلا : - دقة المراجع مهمة (... و..., 2006) - دقة المراجع مهمة 3 يوجد تشكيلات مختلفة للبنود في قائمة المراجع – مصلا :..... اسم المجلة , 26: اسم المجلة , 26:

A Reminder Be sure to use the format used by your target journal. –For the citations in the text –For the reference list تذكير تأكد من استخدام نفس التركيب المستخدم بالمجلة المستهدفة - لذكره في النص - في قائمة المراجع

Citation Management Software Examples: EndNote, Reference Manager Allow you to keep a database of references Provide the citations and references in the proper format for your target journal برمجيات لادارة المراجع. امثلة : مدير المراجع EndNote. يسمح لك بالاحتفاظ بقاعدة بيانات للمراجع. يزودك بالسرد والمراجع بالشكل الذي يناسب مجلتك المستهدفة

Placement of Citations Ambiguous: –This disease has been reported in humans, dogs, rabbits, and squirrels (Tuda and Gastel, 1997; Xie and Lozano, 2008; Flores, 2002). –This disease has been reported in humans, dogs, rabbits, and squirrels. 1,4,7 Clear: –This disease has been reported in humans (Tuda and Gastel, 1997), dogs (Xie and Lozano, 2008), and rabbits and squirrels (Flores, 2002). –This disease has been reported in humans, 1 dogs, 4 rabbits, 7 and squirrels. 7 وضع المسردات. غامض: - هذا المرض وجد في البشر, الكلاب, الارانب,... ( اسم, 1977: اسم, 2008 : اسم,2002) - هذا المرض وجد في البشر, الكلاب,...,..... واضح: - هذا المرض وجد في البشر (اسم, 1977),الكلاب (

Other Advice on References Cite only items that you have read. Check each reference against the original source. Carefully follow the journal’s instructions to authors. Use other articles in the same journal as models. نصيحة اخرى في المراجع. اذكر فقط البنود التي قرأتها. افحص كل مرجع مع المصدر الأصلي. اتبع بعناية تعليمات المجلة للموءلف. استخدم مقالات من نفس المجلة كنموذج

Thanks Particular thanks go to Dr Abdulraouf Al-Hallaq, from the CIS Department, Faculty of Science and IT, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, for the translation of the slides. شكر. شكر خاص للدكتور عبد الروءوف الحلاق من قسم نظم المعلومات الحاسوبية في كلية العلوم وتكنولوجيا المعلومات في جامعة الزيتونة الاردنية لترجمة الشرائح

Thank you! شكرا جزيلا