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Back to Board Today’s Categories~ ~ Cognitive Psychology ~ Solving Problems ~ Obstacles to Solving Problems ~ Language ~ Random Cognitive ?’s

Back to Board Cognitive Psych Solving Problems Obstacles to Solving Problems Language Random Cognitive ?’s

Back to Board Those who study logical and illogical ways in which we create concepts, solve problems, create language, make decisions and form judgments. Who are Cognitive Psychologists? Cognitive Psychology: 10-

Back to Board Mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating. What is Cognition? Cognitive Psychology: 20-

Back to Board An individuals mental image that incorporates all the features they associate with a concept. What is a Prototype? Cognitive Psychology: 30-

Back to Board A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas or people. What is a Concept? Cognitive Psychology: 40-

Back to Board Psychologist who believed in Operant Learning due to making associations, imitation and reinforcements. Who is B. F. Skinner? Cognitive Psychology: 50-

Back to Board What is Telegraphic Speech? Cognitive Psychology: 100- Early speech state in which a child speaks like a telegram using 2 word phrases made up of nouns and verbs.

Back to Board A simple thinking strategy that is efficient for solving problems. What is a Heuristic? Solving Problems: 10-

Back to Board What is an Algorithm? A methodical, step-by-step process that always guarantees a solution. Solving Problems: 20-

Back to Board Psychologist who created 5 components dealing with Creativity. Who is Sternberg? Solving Problems: 30-

Back to Board A sudden, often novel realization, of the solution to a problem. A-Ha! What is Insight? Solving Problems: 40-

Back to Board An individual being driven more by interest, satisfaction and challenge instead of external rewards or pressures. What is Intrinsic Motivation? Solving Problems: 50-

Back to Board This provides the ability to see things in a novel way. Helps us to make connections. Solving Problems: 100- What are Imaginative Thinking Skills ?

Back to Board When people can only think of objects in terms of their usual functions. What is Functional Fixedness? Obstacles to Solving Problems: 10-

Back to Board Tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and ignore or distort contradictory evidence. What is Confirmation Bias? Obstacles to Solving Problems: 20-

Back to Board Inability to see a problem from a new perspective. Keep doing what you’ve always done. What is Fixation? Obstacles to Solving Problems: 30-

Back to Board When individuals tend to approach a problem in one particular way. We must break this with creativity. What is our Mental Set? Obstacles to Solving Problems: 40-

Back to Board Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, our particular prototypes. What is a Representative Heuristic? Obstacles to Solving Problems: 50-

Back to Board Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in our memory. What is Availability Heuristic? Obstacles to Solving Problems: 100-

Back to Board Rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language. What is Syntax? Language: 10-

Back to Board The smallest unit that carries meaning; prefixes and suffixes. What are Morphemes ? Language: 20-

Back to Board Set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words and sentences in a given language. What is Semantics ? Language: 30-

Back to Board The smallest distinctive sound unit; about 40 used in English; changes the meaning of the word. What are Phonemes? Language: 40-

Back to Board The ability to comprehend speech. What is Receptive Language ? Language: 50-

Back to Board The ability to produce words; develops in 3 different stages. What is Productive Language ? Language: 100-

Back to Board The tendency to be more confident than correct; over estimate the accuracy of our beliefs. What is Overconfidence? Random Cognitive ?’s: 10-

Back to Board An effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought used to solve most everyday problems. What is Intuition? Random Cognitive ?’s: 20-

Back to Board Clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited; Prejudice. What is Belief Perseverance? Random Cognitive ?’s: 30-

Back to Board The way an issue is presented which can significantly affect someone’s decision or judgment of issues/questions. What is Framing? Random Cognitive ?’s: 40-

Back to Board Random Cognitive ?’s: 50- Linguist and Psychologist who believed that language we all have a pre-wired language acquisition device; an inborn universal grammar within us. Who is Chomsky?

Back to Board Time period where we must master certain aspects of language or we will miss the window and the learning capacity of language will never fully develop. What is the Critical Period? Random Cognitive ?’s: 100-

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