VIRAL DISEASES OF LIVER DR.JEYAKUMAR NELSON UNIT OF MICROBIOLOGY MBBS -BATCH 17

OBJECTIVES The objectives of this lecture are to hepatitis causing viruses. classification and the general properties of the hepatitis viruses. general overview of lab diagnosis of Viruses. serum markers of hepatitis. prophylaxis from hepatitis especially Hep-B. universal precaution.

KEY TO HEPATITIS VIRUSES Hepatitis virus named as A-E ( F,G AND OTHERS). RNA genome except HBV (DNA genome). Parenteral transmission- ( Except HAV and HEV - Enteric). Enveloped virus – ( Except HAV and HEV – non enveloped ). Chronic infections - HBV HCV and HDV. Oncogenic virus includes HBV and HCV. Vaccine availability –HAV and HBV. Defective / Dependent virus - HDV.

Lab diagnosis of Hepatitis viruses Electron Microscopy Molecular Diagnosis SerologyAnimal tissue culture (ATC) Direct visualization PCR-Viral DNA/RNA detection ELISA/IF/LA Antigen detection Cytopathic effects (some virus not cultured)

Hepatitis A virus

Serologic Diagnosis Hepatitis A infection Specific antibody against HAV of the immunoglobulin (Ig) M type appears in blood at the onset of symptoms, The IgM response usually begins to decline in a few months and is followed by the appearance of IgG anti-HAV. IgG anti-HAV persists for years, perhaps for life

Transmission of Hepatitis B virus

Post Exposure prophylaxis PERINATALSEXUAL PERCUTANEOUS 0.5 ml, within 12 hrs of birth Boosters 1,6 months 0.06ml/kg, -within 14 days Non-Immunized- HBIG + 0,1,6 Immunized Test Anti-HB S level If inadequate HBIG +ONE BOOSTER)

HBV-DNA by PCR also indicates active replication of the virus HBV replication = Disease (Acute or Chronic replicative phase)

Anti-HBc IgM: Acute or present infection Anti-HBc IgG: Chronic or past infection

Sequence of serologic markers for hepatitis C viral hepatitis demonstrating (A) acute infection with resolution and (B) progression to chronic relapsing infection.

Genus: Hepevirus,Nonenveloped RNA Virus

LEARNING OUTCOMES List the common viruses causing hepatitis. Classify the hepatitis viruses (A-E). Discuss the modes of transmission of (A-E). Specify the serum markers according to the duration and stage of disease. Interpret a lab report concerning the serum markers of Hepatitis B. Explain the immunoprophylaxis of Hepatitis-B in different clinical situations. The objectives of this lecture are to

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