Elements of Drama Characters & Characterization

Target Drama a.I can identify the stage directions in a play and their purpose to tell the story. b.I can identify and discuss the difference and purpose of various dramatic speeches including a monologue, soliloquy, dialogue and aside. c.I can analyze the structure of drama through the conventions of act, scene, plot, and subplot. d.I can understand the motives of various characters and their character type and development through their dialogue and action. e.I can analyze and identify the various types of irony in a play and the effect these devices have an audience.

Characters Characters display qualities and character traits; develop and change over time; have motivations and reasons for their behaviors. Characterization The way a writer creates and develops characters’ personalities

Protagonist Leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text Synonyms: Hero Heroine Central character Antagonist Character opposing the main character/protagonist Synonyms: Enemy Foe Rival Villain

Round or Flat? What can a round ball do? What can a flat ball do?

Round Characters o Complex and highly developed character o Variety of personality traits Strengths Weaknesses Full range of emotions

Flat Character  NOT complex and NOT highly developed  Focus is on one character trait

Dynamic or Static? What can dynamite do? What can static do?

Dynamic Character  Experiences important changes as the plot unfolds  Changes are usually internal (thoughts, actions)  Changes may be good or bad

Remains the same throughout the story Plot events do not change them Static Character

Independently, complete the first graphic organizer on page 3. MOVIE/TV PROGRAMPROTAGONISTANTAGONIST 1. Harry Potter Harry PotterLord Voldemort Explain protagonist/antagonist relationship: Lord Voldemort is trying to kill Harry Potter so Lord Voldemort can be fully alive and control the world of magic. 2. Explain protagonist/antagonist relationship: 3. Explain protagonist/antagonist relationship: Think of movies, television shows, or plays you have watched recently. Be prepared to share a response with the class.

WITH A PARTNER, complete the second graphic organizer on page 3. CharacterRound or FlatDynamic or Static 1. Justify: 2. Justify: 3. Justify: With a partner, determine three characters from movies, TV shows, or plays with which BOTH of you are familiar. List the characters and decide if they are round or flat and dynamic or static. Justify your answers. Be prepared to share a response with the class.

Elements of Drama Dramatic Speeches: Monologue Dialogue Soliloquy Aside

Target Drama a.I can identify the stage directions in a play and their purpose to tell the story. b.I can identify and discuss the difference and purpose of various dramatic speeches including a monologue, soliloquy, dialogue and aside. c.I can analyze the structure of drama through the conventions of act, scene, plot, and subplot. d.I can understand the motives of various characters and their character type and development through their dialogue and action. e.I can analyze and identify the various types of irony in a play and the effect these devices have an audience.

Can you name the characters from A Raisin in the Sun? How did you know? Authors use DIRECT CHARACTERIZATION and INDIRECT CHARACTERIZATION How does a playwright develop characters?

Dramatic Speeches Type of Dramatic Speech Definition MONOLOGUELong speech by one character that is addressed to another character/s. DIALOGUEConversation between characters that may reveal their traits and advance the action of the play.

Type of Dramatic Speech Definition SOLILOQUYLong speech expressing the thoughts of a character ALONE on stage; not meant to be heard by other characters. ASIDEShort speech delivered by a character in order to express thoughts and feelings; DIRECTED TO THE AUDIENCE and presumed not heard by other characters. Dramatic Speeches

Type of Dramatic Speech Definition MONOLOGUE p.5 – read along Long speech by one character that is addressed to another character/s. Monologue (1:57) no show PSDtk8J PSDtk8J With a partner, respond to the questions. Be prepared to share a response with the class.

Type of Dramatic Speech Definition SOLILOQUY p. 6 – read along Long speech expressing the thoughts of a character ALONE on stage; not meant to be heard by other characters. Soliloquy- (2:09) no show Jacqueline Kennedy’s private thoughts (diary) regarding her husband – would never have been spoken or shared to others PSDtk8J PSDtk8J With a partner, respond to the questions. Be prepared to share a response with the class.

Type of Dramatic Speech Definition ASIDE p. 7 – read along Short speech delivered by a character in order to express thoughts and feelings; DIRECTED TO THE AUDIENCE and presumed not heard by other characters. Aside- Characters address audience independently. Addresses are quick and brief. 35 sec Dtk8J Dtk8J With a partner, respond to the questions. Be prepared to share a response with the class.

Type of Dramatic Speech Definition DIALOGUE p. 8 & 9 – read along Conversation between characters that may reveal their traits and advance the action of the play. Dialogue (4:49) With a partner, respond to the questions. Be prepared to share a response with the class.

Target Writing W2 – I can search, develop, plan, and organize my ideas for writing with audience and purpose in mind. W3 – I can make my purpose clear by creating a thesis statement. W5 – I can organize paragraphs logically both throughout the paper and organize ideas within a paragraph.

ACE Paragraphs Assertion, Citation, Explanation ace it, Slang. to accomplish something with complete success

A A = Assertion – the claim you are making, what you believe to be true or evident after reading the text

C C = Citation – a quote from the text that will help support your ASSERTION

E E = Explanation – explain/prove how your ASSERTION and the CITATION work together to support your claim/belief

ACE PARAGRAPH A A = Assertion – the claim you are making, what you believe to be true or evident after reading the text C C = Citation – a quote from the text that will help support your ASSERTION E E = Explanation – explain/prove how your ASSERTION and the CITATION work together to support your claim/belief

Additional Drama Terms Spectacle: visual or auditory elements needed to produce the illusion of reality Illusion - something that looks or seems different from what it is : something that is false or not real but that seems to be true or real Action: the physical activity a character is doing on stage Stage direction: notes included in a drama to describe how the work is to be performed or staged; printed in italics and are not spoken aloud; physical movement and emotional responses Reality- the quality or state of being real

Act: Separate large segments in a play that divide the plot line of the play Scene: separate segments in a play to change time or location; jump from one subplot to another or introduce new characters; rearrange scenery or actors on stage. Main plot: The primary storyline of the play Subplot: The secondary storyline of the play; typically connected to the main plotline. Additional Drama Terms

IRONY - A special kind of contrast between appearance and reality – usually one in which the reality is the opposite of what it seems. Additional Drama Terms Verbal Irony – when a character knowingly exaggerates or says one thing, but means another; words used to mean the opposite; sarcasm Dramatic Irony – when there is a difference between what a character thinks and what the audience knows to be true Situational Irony – an event occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the reader, characters, and audience

Characterization Devices Motive – Character’s reason for their action Speaker Audience Purpose/Message

Writer/Speaker Purpose/Message Audience Rhetorical Triangle

Characterization Devices Foil – When two characters have opposite personalities causing specific traits to stand out.

Characterization Devices Parallel Plots : simultaneous sequences of events/plotlines Character Development : evolution of a character; round/flat, dynamic/static Dialect : specific way in which a character speaks that a playwright uses to characterize and give personality to a character