Early Buddhism ▪ 4 Noble Truths ▪ Doctrine of no-self ▪ acceptance of karma ▪ Nirvana ("off the map") ▪ Buddha as model of, model for followers ▪

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Presentation transcript:

Early Buddhism ▪ 4 Noble Truths ▪ Doctrine of no-self ▪ acceptance of karma ▪ Nirvana ("off the map") ▪ Buddha as model of, model for followers ▪ arhat - ascetic who strives for nirvana

Buddha Dharma Sangha

Pali Canon (Tripitaka) Earliest collection of Buddhist teachings ▪Sutta Pitaka - discourses of Buddha 5 collections arranged in length ▪Vinaya Pitaka - monastic conduct ▪Abhidhamma Pitaka - metaphysics

Later developments in Buddhism

Theravada Teachings of the “elders” “Southern Buddhism” Sri Lanka Myanmar Thailand

Mahayana Buddhism Beginnings date to within 100 yrs. of Buddha's parinirvana China, Tibet, Bhutan, Korea Japan, Vietnam Vajrayana Buddhism

Areas of difference between Mahayana and Hinayana Buddhism ▪ Ideal adept ▪ Who/what is the Buddha ▪ Understandings of nirvana ▪ Proliferation of texts

Ideal adept ▪ Early Buddhism: one who strives for nirvana ▪ Difficult; gained through many lifetimes of virtue and self-sacrifice ▪ But: Buddha chose to teach ▪ Bodhisattva - “budding” Buddha

Bodhisattvas of other realms Avalokitesvara

Kwan yin Devotional schools of Mahayana such as Pure Land Buddhism

Nirvana ▪ Early Buddhism: breaking the cycles of existence ▪ Off the map or realization of the nature of the map? ▪ Samsara is nirvana (texts such as the Prajnaparamita sutras) ▪ Ability to see existence as it is

Suchness of existence “Emptiness” Nature of reality is interdependence

Meditational schools of Mahayana Buddhism Ch’an (China), Zen (Japan), Son (Korea) Vajrayana Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism

Nagarjuna Ca CE

Who/what is the Buddha?

Emphasis on the teachings Dharma Buddhanature Awareness of existence of it is Suchness

Modes or manifestations Mode of dharma - dharmakaya Mode of experience - bhogakaya Mode of historical manifestation - nirmanakaya, historical Buddha

Developments in Mahayana & Vajrayana 1. ideal adept bodhisattva; bodhisattvas of other realms 2. who/what is Buddha Buddhanature, "suchness," mode of 3 bodies body of dharma (dharmakaya) body of bliss (bhogakaya) body of historical manifestation (nirmanakaya) historical Buddha 3. Goal - nirvana here and now; samsara is nirvana 4. Proliferation of Mahayana and Vajrayana texts