  How far would you go to get what you wanted? Journal # 7

Divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived

  Started in England at the end of the 100 Years War  Two Houses, York and Lancaster, fought (Red Rose Lancaster, White Rose York)  Begins when Henry IV overthrows Richard II  Later Richard III kills everyone including his two nephews to become king….  …Only to lose it to Henry Tudor (Henry VII) at the Battle of Bosworth field War of the Roses

  Henry VII marries Elizabeth of York to unite the two families and end of the War of the Roses  He is a good king,  keeps England out of war and  builds up the state’s treasury, paying back debt and then amassing wealth  Henry VII went on to forge international relationships through the marriages of his children.  He has a charming son named Henry VIII Early Tudors

  Second son of Henry VII  Took the throne when older brother Arthur died  Married his brothers widow  Spain and England wanted to keep their alliance Henry VIII

  “Defender of the faith”  Became dissatisfied with the church, marriage and lack of male heir  Development of the Anglican (Church of England) faith. Henry VIII

  At first, Henry is against the protestant movement  Befriends the pope until there is a problem with his succession  Henry wanted a male heir, but his only surviving child was a girl (Mary Tudor) Henry VIII

  Henry asks the pope for an annulment, but the pope refuses  Divorce was not permitted in the Catholic Church  Pope had ties with Catherine’s cousin, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VIII

  Henry turns against the pope and passes the Act of Supremacy (approved by parliament)  The Act made everyone swear an oath recognizing Henry’s divorce and accepting him, not the pope, as the head of the English Church.  Thomas More refused to take the oath and was eventually executed Act of Supremacy (1534)

  At first Henry changed very little, but eventually these changes took place  The Bible was written in English, services were in English.  Monasteries are looted and destroyed  The Church lost a lot of its sacraments.  The Church became very plain yet formal.  Prayers to saints were banned  Puritans formed Changes in the Church of England

I need a son. I have been married for 20 years and my wife, Catherine of Aragon is too old to have any more children. Who will inherit my throne when I die? I spy an attractive lady – in-waiting called Anne Boleyn. If only I could marry her instead. Will the Pope give me a divorce? The Church is very rich. I need money for my luxurious court. If only I could get my hands on it. The new Protestant ideas are spreading in Germany. Princes there are reforming their churches and throwing out the Catholic Church. Some people in England like the new Protestant ideas. They believe that the Bible should be in English not Latin. The Church takes money out of my country in taxes to help build St Peter’s in Rome. What do I get in return?

 Catharine was the daughter of Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain. Catharine’s later years were ones of persecution where Henry tried to make her sign annulment papers. Some suitors worried that Mary could not be a legitimate queen as Henry had married his brother’s widow… All of these issues reached the boiling point after 20 yrs. b/c of constant succession worries, Catharine’s diminishing looks, and the appearance of Anne Boleyn… Catherine of Aragon

When he wanted to marry Anne Boleyn, Henry created the Church of England and banned the Catholic Church from his nation. He also seized all of the property of the Catholic Church, thereby increasing the wealth of England.

 Anne became Henry VIII’s second wife. Daughter Elizabeth Claims of illegitimacy When she failed to produce a male heir, there were rumors that she was infertile…and by that time Henry had met Jane Seymour. Anne tried to woo Henry back, but he had her charged with adultery and had her beheaded… Anne Boleyn

  Henry VIII’s third wife  Able to give him a male heir  Edward VI  Died soon after child birth  When Jane Seymour died (a fever), the 3 siblings were raised together Jane Seymour

  Henry VIII went on to marry Anne of Cleves – it only lasted 6 months, and Henry got out of it by saying he was impotent on the wedding night…  Henry then married Catherine Howard, a 19 year old, who was soon beheaded for adultery  So Henry married for the final time, to Catherine Parr – she got along well with all the children

  Son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour  Takes the throne at age 9  Too young to rule – guided by advisors  Advisors were protestant and reinforced reforms  Died 6 years after taking the throne Edward VI

 Mary I  Also known as “Bloody Mary”  Daughter of Catherine of Aragon and Henry VIII  She was a hardcore Catholic, and was married to another one: Philip II of Spain.  Together they purged England of Protestants, and for a short time, returned it to Catholicism

 Mary I  Repealed Henry’s Act of Supremacy  Estimated 300 Protestants burned at the stake under her reign  None of her actions was popular with the now firmly entrenched Protestant England  Feared Elizabeth’s succession, Elizabeth was protestant and popular  Mary had her arrested—she spent two months in the tower of London and a year under house arrest—this increased her popularity

  Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn  Became one of England’s greatest leaders  Known as the virgin queen  She kept religious wars down  advanced exploration  patron of the arts, and  brought England to the position of world power with the defeat of the Spanish Armada Elizabeth I

 Tudor Songs ABBA

 Religions Jigsaw Get into groups of 7 One of each religion Take turns sharing your brochure Everyone must take notes

 Brain Purge Table groups… Using the assigned white board you will make connections between all of the major people and ideas we have learned thus far. Start with the Tudor family….like a family tree You can use your notes There should be no TALKING… this is a silent activity using written communication. Think of this as a mid-semester review

 England, Oxford Theologian Claims: No basis in scripture to support papal authority Bible as the sole authority Rejected all practices not in scripture (pilgrimage, veneration of saints, sacraments) John Wycliffe ( )

 Bohemia (Czech) Chancellor of the University of Prague Attacked corrupt clergy and power of the pope Gained some political support Called to the Council of Constance to discuss ideas Arrested and burned at the stake for heresy Jan Hus ( )

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