LIFE SCIENCE REVIEW

Cell → Tissue → Organ → System

THE CELL

Cell Wall – outer wall of plant cells, provides support

Cell Membrane – outer boundary of plant/animal cell, semi-permeable membrane

Nucleus – the cell’s control center, controls all chemical reactions and genetic material

Cytoplasm – clear, jelly-like matter outside nucleus, contains organelles

Vacuole – fluid filled sac in cytoplasm, stores food, water, enzymes

Chloroplasts – contain chlorophyll in plant cells, absorbs energy from sunlight, photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

Mitosis – most cells, mother cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the mother cell

Meiosis – division of cell, each daughter cell has half number of chromosomes as mother cell (sexual reproduction)

FOOD CHAINS

Producers – organisms that make their own food (plants)

Consumers – organisms that feed on others

Decomposers – organisms that feed on dead matter (molds, mushrooms, bacteria)

Parasites – live on a host and cause it harm

Food Chain

Food Web

BIOMES

Tropical Rainforest

Temperate Rainforest

Tundra

Taiga

Grasslands

Savanna

Desert

Answers to Life Systems & Ecosystems Review Homework

1.The function of the cell membrane is to allow substances in/out of cell 2. The nucleus is the cell’s control center; it controls all chemical reactions and genetic material 3. Cytoplasm is a clear, jelly-like matter outside the nucleus; it contains organelles

4. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll in plant cells and absorb energy from sunlight (photosynthesis) 5. A cell wall provides outer wall support for plant cells

6. Mitosis is body cell reproduction 7. Meiosis is sex cell reproduction 8. Complete the following: Cells → tissue → organs → organ systems

9. Write the classification system from larger group characteristics to unique characteristics

10. At the bottom of food pyramids are producers. A producer is a plant 11. Something that eats something else is a consumer 12. An organism that benefits while the host is killed or harmed is a parasite 13. An organism that breaks down dead matter is a decomposer

14. & 15. have been omitted 16. In an ecosystem, the job a single organism perform in its community is a niche 17. In an ecosystem, all of the same species in a given area is a population

18. at least 100 inches of rainfall annually rainforest 19. ground stays permanently frozen (permafrost), vegetation is low and hardy tundra 20. very little precipitation desert 21. high altitude, rocky, coniferous trees taiga 22. flat and with an abundant supply of food for hoofed animals grassland

23. area with cone-bearing trees coniferous forest area with trees that lose leaves deciduous forest 24. grassland with scattered trees and drought-resistant plants savanna

25. Nocturnal is when an animal is active during the night 26. Diurnal is when an animal is active during the day 27. Hibernation is reduced activity, usually during winter months