SS CRCT Review

Civil War What did Uncle Tom’s Cabin talk about? It told the evils of slavery

Civil War Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin? Harriet Beecher Stowe

Civil War What was John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry? It was an armed revolt against slavery led by Abolitionist, John Brown.

Civil War What was the outcome of John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry? Many people were killed (including 100 slaves) and tougher slave laws. John Brown was tried and hanged for treason.

Civil War What were the three causes of the Civil War? States’ rights, tariffs, and slavery

Civil War What was the importance of Ft. Sumter? It’s was the attack that began the Civil War. The Confederates won this battle because they put a siege on the fort and Major Anderson had to surrender.

Civil War What was the importance of Gettysburg? It was a terrible battle, bloodiest of the war, and Union victory, and a turning point in the war

Civil War What was the Atlanta Campaign? A series of battles around Atlanta that caused the city to burn. It sped up the end of the war.

Civil War What was Sherman’s March to the Sea? Men marched from Atlanta to Savannah destroying anything that could help the south.

Civil War What happened at Appomattox Courthouse? Lee surrendered and the war ended.

Civil War Who was Abraham Lincoln? The President of the Union

Civil War Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln? John Wilkes Booth

Civil War Who was Robert E. Lee? General of the Confederacy

Civil War Who was Ulysses S. Grant? General for the Union

Civil War Who was Jefferson Davis? President of the Confederacy

Civil War Who was Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson? A Southern General who led his men to victory at the 1 st battle of the Civil War. (Battle of Bull Run/Manasses Junction

Civil War What happened to the South during the war? Most of the fighting took place there and it was severely crushed economically.

Reconstruction What was the 13 th amendment? It abolished slavery.

Reconstruction What was the 14 th amendment? If you are born in the US, you are a US citizen.

Reconstruction What was the 15 th amendment? Gave all men the right to vote.

Reconstruction What was the purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau? To help former slaves by providing schools, jobs, housing, food, and education.

Reconstruction What was sharecropping? Sharecropping was when a person worked on someone else’s land and gave them most of the profits.

Reconstruction Why did sharecropping replace slavery? Many former slaves couldn’t afford their own land and had to stick with the trade they knew well.

Reconstruction What were Jim Crow laws? They were laws named after a fictitious character and prohibited black people from doing certain things.

Reconstruction What were some examples of Jim Crow laws? Segregation in schools, busses, restrooms, and drinking fountains.

The Turn of the Century What were the role of cattle trails in the late 19 th century? They were trails that cowboys used to take their cattle North to the railroads.

The Turn of the Century Where did most of the black cowboys come from? Texas

The Turn of the Century What were the two main cattle trails? Chisholm & Good Night Lovin’

The Turn of the Century Who were the Wright Brothers and what did they do? Bicycle shop owners and airplane inventors

The Turn of the Century Where did the Wright Brothers test their flying machine? Kitty Hawk, North Carolina

The Turn of the Century Who was George Washington Carver? He was a scientist who created many uses for peanuts and helped farmers by telling them to vary their crops and when to plant.

The Turn of the Century Who was Thomas Edison? Inventor of the electric light bulb

The Turn of the Century Who was Alexander Graham Bell? Invented the telephone

The Turn of the Century What did William McKinley do to help America? President during the Spanish-American War

The Turn of the Century What did Theodore Roosevelt do to help America? Fought with the Rough Riders in the Spanish/American War

The Turn of the Century Who became president after William McKinley was assassinated. Theodore Roosevelt

The Turn of the Century What was the Spanish-American War? A war the US fought against Spain in 1898 over Cuba

The Turn of the Century How did the Spanish-American War get started? The US battleship, Maine was blown up.

The Turn of the Century What happened as a result of the Spanish- American War? Americans won. On December 10, 1898, the signing of the Treaty of Paris gave the US control of Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam

The Turn of the Century Which country built the Panama Canal? The United States

The Turn of the Century What benefit does the Panama Canal serve? It allows for faster transport of goods by ship.

The Turn of the Century Where is the Panama Canal located? Central America in the country of Panama

The Turn of the Century Why did people emigrate to the US? Plagues, economic hardship, and poor life in home country. They wanted a new life in America!

The Turn of the Century Where did people emigrate from? Europe and Asia

The Turn of the Century Where did immigrants come through in the US? From Europe– Ellis Island, NY From Asia- Angel Island, CA

The Turn of the Century Where did most immigrants settle? California and big cities

Geography Great Salt Lake

Geography Grand Canyon

Geography Salton Sea

Geography Mojave Desert

Geography Pearl Harbor, HI

Geography Chisholm Trail

Geography Kitty Hawk, NC

Geography Gettysburg, PA

Geography Montgomery, AL

Geography Pittsburgh, PA

World War I: The Great War How did German attacks on shipping lead the US to fight against Germany? Although Germany sank the Lusitania, the US didn’t enter WWI until 5 US merchant ships were sunk.

World War I: The Great War What was the Lusitania? A British cruise ship that had several Americans on board.

World War I: The Great War What was the Jazz Age? It was the time in the early 1900s that was marked by advances in the music industry, especially jazz.

World War I: The Great War What group of people developed Jazz music? African Americans

World War I: The Great War What were the “Roaring Twenties”? The 1920s when the US had an economic boom. Life in the US was good!

World War I: The Great War Who was Louis Armstrong? A jazz musician who played the trumpet and had a raspy singing voice. He sang “A Wonderful World”.

World War I: The Great War What was the Harlem Renaissance? A time of REBIRTH among African Americans, especially in the arts (poetry, fine arts, and music).

World War I: The Great War Where is Harlem? A neighborhood in New York City.

World War I: The Great War Who was Langston Hughes? A poet, playwright, and writer during the Harlem Renaissance.

World War I: The Great War Who was Babe Ruth? A famous baseball player during the Roaring Twenties. Had a homerun record.

World War I: The Great War Who was Henry Ford? Created the Model T and invented the moving assembly line.

World War I: The Great War How did the assembly line help production of automobiles? It made the process quicker and more affordable.

World War I: The Great War Who was Charles Lindbergh? He was the first person to fly an airplane non- stop across the Atlantic Ocean.

World War I: The Great War What was the name of Charles Lindbergh’s famous airplane? Spirit of St. Louis

The Great Depression & the New Deal What caused the Stock Market to crash? Too many people were selling stocks instead of buying them.

The Great Depression & the New Deal When did the Stock Market Crash? Black Tuesday 1929

The Great Depression & the New Deal Who was Herbert Hoover? The president during the Great Depression.

The Great Depression & the New Deal Give examples that lets you know Herbert Hoover was not a popular president. Hoovervilles, Hoover flags, Hoover blankets, Hoover hogs

The Great Depression & the New Deal Who was Franklin D. Roosevelt? President after Herbert Hoover that got us out of the Great Depression and was president during WWI.

The Great Depression & the New Deal What is unique about the number of terms FDR served as president? He was the only president to serve more than two terms. He was elected 4 times.

The Great Depression & the New Deal What was the name of FDR’s plan that improved America’s economy? The New Deal

The Great Depression & the New Deal What was the Dust Bowl? A severe drought on the American Great Plains during the 1930s

The Great Depression & the New Deal What did farmers affected by the Dust Bowl try to do to make money? Move west to California, but there weren’t any jobs there

The Great Depression & the New Deal What were soup kitchens? Kitchens set up to help feed the poor during the Great Depression

The Great Depression & the New Deal What were the three most important programs listed under the New Deal? CCC-Civilian Conservation Corps (planted trees, provided jobs for young men) WPA- Works Progress Administration (built roads, provided different gov’t sponsored jobs to help the economy) TVA- Tennessee Valley Authority (built dams and provided jobs in the southeast)

The Great Depression & the New Deal Who was Duke Ellington? One of the most influential figures in jazz including big band compositions

The Great Depression & the New Deal Who was Margaret Mitchell? The author of Gone with the Wind

The Great Depression & the New Deal What war was Gone with the Wind focused around? Civil War

The Great Depression & the New Deal Who was Jesse Owens? An African American Olympiad that won 4 gold medals in the 1936 Olympics.

WWII What did Germany do to cause problems in Europe? They took over other countries (Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, France, and then attacked Britain)

WWII What German invasion ultimately caused the beginning of WWII? Poland

WWII What did Japan do to cause problems in Europe? Invaded Indochina

WWII As a result of Japan invading Indochina, the US stopped doing what? Exporting oil to Japan

WWII What happened at Pearl Harbor? In retaliation of the oil situation, Japan bombed the Navy base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

WWII When was the attack on Pearl Harbor? December 7, 1941

WWII When did US declare war on Japan? December 8, 1941

WWII What was Iwo Jima and why was it important? Iwo Jima was an important island in the Island Hopping Strategy. It was a terrible battle resulting in many casualties. It gave Allies control of the island.

WWII What was D-Day? It was the largest and most successful sea to land invasion in history.

WWII When was D-Day? June 6, 1944

WWII What was the result of D-Day? It pushed the German military farther into France and led them to surrender

WWII What was VE Day? Victory Over Europe – May 8, 1945

WWII What was VJ Day? Victory Over Japan – August 15, 1945

WWII What events were the “last straw” and ended WWII? The bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki

WWII What were the two sides called? Axis Powers and Allied Powers

WWII Who were on the Axis Powers? Germany, Japan, Spain, Italy

WWII Who were the Allied Powers? United States, Britain, Soviet Union, France

WWII What was the Holocaust? The German idea that all “undesirables” should be permanently eliminated. It was the mass murder of Jews.

WWII Who was the president that decided to drop the atomic bombs? Harry S. Truman

WWII Who was US president at the beginning of WWII? Franklin D. Roosevelt

WWII Who was the Dictator of Soviet Union? Joseph Stalin

WWII Who was Prime Minister of Great Britain? Winston Churchill

WWII Who was the Emperor of Japan? Hirohito

WWII Who replace Hirohito in Japan? Tojo

WWII Who was the US president at the end of WWII? Harry S. Truman

WWII Who was Dictator of Italy? Benito Mussolini

WWII Who was Dictator of Germany? Adolf Hitler

WWII What was rationing? The limiting of food, gasoline, and other goods in order to help the US was effort. Stamps and coupon books were issued.

WWII What did people ration the most? Gas and Sugar

WWII What role did women have in WWII? They worked in factories building war items, took over men’s jobs, nurses, pilots

WWII Who was Rosie the Riveter? She held the record for putting the most rivets into a plane

WWII What did Rosie the Riveter stand for? All of the American women who worked at building weapons for the war effort

WWII Who were the Tuskegee Airmen? A famous group of African American pilots

WWII What does the UN stand for? United Nations

WWII What was the purpose of the UN? To help build peace in the world by having each participating country agree to help militarily.

The Cold War What is the Iron Curtain? An imaginary line that separated communist Europe from the Free World

The Cold War Who was the Cold War between? United States and Soviet Union

The Cold War What was the Cold War? A war fought with threats, words, and propaganda, not weapons

The Cold War How did the US try to stop the spread of communism through the Berlin Airlift? Since East Germany was under communist control, the US sent supplies to West Berlin

The Cold War What was the Korean War? A war to stop the spread of communism from North Korea into South Korea

The Cold War What does NATO stand for? North Atlantic Treaty Organization

The Cold War What was the purpose of NATO? It worked to help solve problems among its member nations

The Cold War Who was Joseph McCarthy? A US Senator who helped to spread the fear of communism in the US. He ruined many American lives.

The Cold War Who was Nikita Khrushchev? Leader of the Soviet Union from and began their space program

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? When the Soviet Union wanted to put nuclear missiles in Communist Cuba.

What happened to cause the Vietnam War? North Vietnam wanted to make South Vietnam communist

Who is the Vietcong? Southern Vietnamese who were communists

How did the US assist in the Vietnam War? They sent money and soldiers to help South Vietnam

What were Americans called who were in support of the Vietnam War? Hawks

What were Americans called who were against the Vietnam War? Doves

Who won the Vietnam War? North Vietnam

Who was president during the Vietnam War? Richard Nixon

What was the name of the scandal that Richard Nixon took part in? The Watergate Scandal

What was the result of the Watergate Scandal? President Nixon resigned from office

What was the Civil Rights Movement? A movement in America where black Americans fought for equal rights

What was the result of Brown v. Board of Education (1954)? Integration of blacks and whites in schools

What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? African Americans refused to ride the busses in Montgomery because they were told to sit in a specific spot

Who started the Montgomery Bus Boycott by refusing to give up his/her seat? Rosa Parks

What was the March on Washington? It was a march at the nation’s capital to bring about equal rights for African Americans.

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964? Made segregation in public places against the law.

What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965? Enforced rights to all people to vote

Who was Thurgood Marshall? First African American Supreme Court Justice

Who was Martin Luther King, Jr.? Civil Rights leader who promoted equal rights through peace

What effect did the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Robert Kennedy have on Americans. Americans were shocked by the news, but were still motivated to continue the work started by these men.

When did TV become popular in the home? 1950s

What was the Space Race? A competition between the US and the Soviets concerning who would get their country into space first.

Developments in America since 1975 What did the US try to do to bring peace to the Middle East? President Carter set up a peace agreement called the Camp David Accords

Developments in America since 1975 What happened to cause the collapse of the Soviet Union? Soviet leader Gorbachev met with president Reagan. They agreed to limit nuclear weapons, restructured the Soviet government, and allowed Soviet citizens to speak freely about their government.

Developments in America since 1975 What was the Persian Gulf War? Sadam Hussein of Iraq moved troops into Kuwait, and the US went to war with Iraq to help Kuwait.

Developments in America since 1975 What was the result of the Persian Gulf War? Sudam Hussein stayed in power over Iraq, and Kuwait’s leaders returned to power in their own country.

Developments in America since 1975 What was the War on Terrorism? US aggression to end terrorism

Developments in America since 1975 What event caused the War on Terrorism? The bombing of the US World Trade Centers in New York on September 11, 2001.

Developments in America since 1975 What effects have the internet and personal computer had on American life? It opened immediate communication to a global audience.