Could modern use pesticides impact prawn hatcheries? OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE Sharon Hook| Senior Research Scientist 2 August 2016

Modern use pesticides| 2 | Organophoshate pesticides  malathion, parathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, ethion  Inhibit acetylcholinesterase  Human and environmental health concerns  Used in horticulture and agricultural Pyrethroid pesticides  bifenthrin, cypermethrin, esfenvalerate, permethrin  Alter nerve repolarization  Arthropods are more sensitive  Residential -Termites and ant control Neonicotinoid pesticides  clothianidin, imidacloprid, nithiazine, thiacloprid  Inhibit nicotinic acetylcholine esterase activity  Specific to arthropods  Used in sugarcane, horticulture, pest control

3 | R. Turner, DSITI, unpublished data Modern use pesticides| Townsville Neonicoinoid: Imidaclorprid concentrations

4 | How toxic are these compounds? Data from Smit et al., 2015 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 21: Modern use pesticides|

5 | How toxic are these compounds? Data from Smit et al., 2015 Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 21: Modern use pesticides| ? Toxicity as survival Imidaclorprid concentration ug /L

6 | What about changes to feeding rates? LethalityStops feeding (no recovery) decreases feeding (animal recovers) 270 μg/L30 μg/L0.8 μg/L Modern use pesticides| Hook About 10x less About 40x less Amphipod crustacean

7 | Could these compounds be hurting prawn hatcheries? 1.What concentrations affect larval prawns? Imidacloprid, fipronil, bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos Survival Behavioural changes (especially feeding) 2.What concentrations are found in farm intake water? Farmers will collect water samples Analysed for a broad suite of pesticides (mixture effects) 3.Compare risk levels to intake water concentrations Modern use pesticides| Experimental Plan

Oceans and Atmosphere Sharon Hook Senior Research Scientist t Agriculture and Food Melony Sellars Senior Research Scientist t CSIRO Thank you Land and Water Anu Kumar Group Leader t