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A Presentation on Cropping Patterns

PRESENTATED BY NAWMEE JESSICA HOWLADER STUDENT ID: ND YEAR 2 ND TERM SOIL SCIENCE DISCIPLINE KHULNA UNIVERSITY.

Contents 1. Definition of Cropping Pattern 2. Factor affecting Cropping Pattern  Climatic factor  Edaphic factor  Neutral factor  Social factor 3. Existing cropping pattern in Bangladesh 4. Five Existing cropping pattern in Bangladesh 5. Dominant cropping pattern in Khulna region.

Cropping Pattern It is the pattern of crops for a given piece of land or cropping pattern means the proportion of area under various crops at a point of time in a unit area or it indicated the yearly sequence and spatial arrangements of crops and fallows on a given area. Land resources being limited emphasis have to be placed for increasing production from unit area of land in a year.

A Image of practicing cropping pattern in a field of Bangladesh.

Factors Affecting Cropping Pattern The cropping pattern differs in different localities depending upon some factors which are described below: 1. Climatic Factors 2. Edaphic Factors 3. Neutral Factors 4. Social Factors

Climatic Factors This is the most important factor influencing the cropping pattern. If the climatic condition is favorable successful crop production can be possible. 1. Temperature 2. Rainfall  Hydrophytes  Mesophytes  Xerophytes 3. Day length  Long day plant  Short day plant  Day neutral plant 4. Humidity

Edaphic Factors As the plant grows on soil, so edaphic factors must be considered as factors of cropping pattern associating soil. The different factors concerned are: 1. Land elevation 2. Soil type 3. Soil fertility 4. Soil moisture 5. Soil pH

Neutral Factors These factors occur naturally which can’t be checked by man. 1. Flood level 2. Suspension material on the flood level

Social Factors 1. Availability of market 2. Market price 3. Farmers knowledge and liking 4. Growers economic ability 5. Lack of courage and initiative to change 6. Food habit of the people 7. Irrigation facilities 8. Availability of seeds and other materials 9. Density of labor 10. Credit 11. Working animals

Existing Cropping Pattern in Bangladesh The cropping pattern in Bangladesh is mainly determined by topography, rainfall, temperature etc. Thus most of the agricultural land is occupied by the major crop such as paddy, jute and sugarcane. In Bangladesh there are two existing cropping pattern: 1. Under natural conditions 2. Under irrigation and other management

Five existing cropping patterns in Bangladesh 1. High land 2. Medium high land 3. Very high land 4. Medium low land 5. Very low land

Five existing cropping patterns in Bangladesh Cropping Pattern Land DistributionFuture Possibility 1.High land Aus followed by transplant ed aman followed by rabi crops. Large part of Dhaka, Mymensingh, Rangpur, Dinajpur, Bogra, Kustia, Rajshahi, Jessore etc. Sugarcane is the main crop in this patterns. In the first year we can get main sugar crop and in the second and third year we can get expect ratton crop. Aus or jute followed by winter vegetables or pulses. 2.Medium high land Aus or jute followed by transplanted aman and pulses, Whole of north Bengal except Pabna (Dinajpur, Rangpur, Bogra, Rajshahi, Khulna etc. northern part of Barisal and Dhaka eastern part of Comilla, Noakhali, Chittagong, part of Mymensingh and Sylhet. Aus and transplanted aman followed by any one of rabi crop sucj as potato,wheat, or barley etc. jute transplanted aman followed by wheat or pulses or cowpea. 3.Very high landSugarcane mostlyLarge part of Dhaka, Bogra, Mymensingh, Rangpur, Dinajpur, Rajshahi. Aus or jute followed by vegetable or pulses or oil crops or sugarcane first year main crop, second and third year ratoon crop continuously and the followed by winter vegetables. 4.Medium low land Aus, B. Aman followed by pulse Pabna, Faridpur, south part of Dhakaand Mymensingh, western part of Comilla, Noakhali and Khulna and some part of Sylhet. Aus and B. aman (mixed) followed by pulses, oil crop, tobacco, chilli, onion, ground nut. 5.Very low landBoro and deep water aman followed by pluses. Faridpur, Noakhali, Dhaka, Pabna, Comilla, Mymansingh, 1. Deep aman followed by garzon, till, aus, boro, seasame

Dominant cropping pattern in Khulna region: Some dominant cropping patterns under variable crop production environments in Khulna region are as follows: Rainfall condition RabiKharif-I (Aus)Kharif-II (Aman) Wheat/potato/ pulses/oilseeds/ sugarcane Boro (local) AusFallow Irrigated conditionWheat/Boro/ potato/winter/ vegetables Fallow/T. AusT. Aman/ fallow Table 2: Irrigation system with Cropping pattern Generally, deep-rooted crops (such as jute) are grown after shallow-rooted crops (such as rice), which helps the uptake of soil nutrients from different depths and also helps to improve soil quality.

Reference  Handbook of Agronomy  Pdf of cropping pattern  ern ern

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