`Cold War I. After World War II The U.S.A and U.S.S.R (Russia) were the two nations that emerged as superpowers II. Divided Europe a. Western Europe - Given support by the U.S.A to rebuild and restore democracy b. Eastern Europe - Given support by U.S.S.R to rebuild and became communist nations under the domination of U.S.S.R iNV7dGY iNV7dGY

Aftermath of World War II Germany and Japan Transformed I.Germany divided into 4 zones Britain, France, U.S.A controlled 3 democratic zones II.U.S.S.R controlled Eastern Germany III.Nazi party outlawed IV.German Army disbanded V.Democratic government established VI.Germany formed strong ties with the nation of Israel I.Japan occupied after World War II by the U.S.A II.Japans armed forces disbanded III.General Douglas Macarthur ruled the military government That controlled Japan I.Japan was forced to create a new democratic constitution

The Cold War Begins- Political tension between U.S.A and U.S.S.R Increased. a. U.S.A and U.S.S.R- Started to compete over who would dominate the world b. U.S.A encouraged Capitalism and U.S.S.R encouraged Communism c. U.S.S.R- forced pro communist governments in Eastern Europe d. Truman Doctrine- Economic and military program designed to help Greece and Turkey resist U.S.S.R aggression e. Marshall Plan – Economic and military plan designed to prevent communist influence in western Europe

Rebuilding to prevent communism d. Truman Doctrine- Economic and military program designed to help Greece and Turkey resist U.S.S.R aggression e. Marshall Plan – Economic and military plan designed to prevent communist influence in western Europe Economic aid was offered to Eastern Europe, However aid was rejected by the communist governments that were dominated by Stalin

A Divided Germany -superpower brinkmanship f. Crisis in Germany – U.S.A, Britain, France combined their zones into a strong democratic Western Germany a. Eastern Germany was communist under Russian control b. Berlin was a free city within communist Eastern Germany g. The Berlin Airlift – Stalin Wanted the democratic powers out of Berlin so he cut Berlin off from food, water and electricity 1.The allies used cargo planes to fly in food, water, etc. 2. After a year Stalin gave in and opened Berlin to the west

Opposing Military Alliances After the end of World War II USA and USSR developed a military and political rivalry As part of this rivalry the world literally become divided between Free and Communist I.NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Democratic Alliance – led by the U.S.A and Britain 2. Warsaw Pact – Communist Alliance led by U.S.S.R

Cold War Heats UP –In the 1950s tensions increased between communist and democratic nations 1.Hungarian Revolt- Hungary attempted to break away from U.S.S.R And were put down by force. (1956) 2. Czechoslovakia- Prague Spring Czechs attempted to break away from U.S.S.R and were put down by force (1968) 3.Arms Race – U.S.A and U.S.S.R Started to compete over who had more nuclear bombs 4. Space Race – U.S.A and U.S.S.R Started to Compete over Space exploration (Sputnik)

Cold War Conflicts – Korean War Cold War Conflicts A. Korean War – After WW II Korea Split into two parts 1.North Korea – Communist 2.South Korea – Democratic 3.The UN and U.S.A gave military assistance to South Korea 4.Un Forces commanded by Gen. Douglas MacArthur Stopped the North Koreans. South Korea remained free 5.Over 40,000 Americans died

Cold War Conflicts – Vietnam War Vietnam War -- In 1954 Vietnam split into two parts- kicked out French 1.North Vietnam –Communist- led by Ho Chi Minh 2.South Vietnam – Democratic- led by Ngo Dinh Diem America under the UN became increasingly involved in Vietnam American pulled out of Vietnam The North Vietnamese took over All of Vietnam

Cold War in Middle East & Africa U.S.A and U.S.S.R compete over who would dominate the area 1. Arab States and Israel Came into conflict 2. U.S.A backed Israel 3. U.S.S.R backed most Arab states 4. Egypt took over Suez Canal 1956 from the British and allied with U.S.S.R – Gamel Nasser 5. Iran – Shah of Iran was supported by U.S.A until Iraq supported by U.S.S.R 7. After 1979 U.S.S.R backed Iran and U.S.A backed Iraq Cold War In Africa- U.S.S.R and U.SA compete who would dominate the area 1.Congo and Angola- Bloody civil wars caused by U.S.A and U.S.S.R involvement

The Cold War in Latin America The Cold War in Latin America- U.S.S.R and U.S.A compete over who would dominate the area 1. Cuba revolutionary named Fidel Castro overthrew the U.S supported government 2. Castro created a communist government supported by U.S.S.R 3. U.S supported an attack on Cuba called the Bay of Pigs- It Failed 4. U.S.S.R installed nuclear missiles in Cuba that could hit Washington D.C 5. Cuban Missile Crisis -- U.S.S.R and U.S.A almost went to war. 6. The U.S.S.R agreed to take the missiles out of Cuba if U.S took Missiles out of Turkey 7. Central America- Guatemala, Nicaragua, and El Salvador- Had Civil Wars-- U.S.A and U.S.S.R backed different sides in the conflicts