What is accounting? The Language of Business! Chapter 1 What is accounting? The Language of Business!

THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION Public Accountants Service to the general public through the services they perform. Private Accountants Individuals in companies involved in activities including cost and tax accounting, systems, and internal auditing. Not For Profit Accountants Reporting and control for government units, foundations, hospitals, labor unions, colleges/universities, and charities.

What about other professions than accounting? What are some other professions that use accounting information? Work together to create a list, be ready to back up the professions you list.

The Building Blocks of Accounting Ethics In Financial Reporting Standards of conduct by which one’s actions are judged as right or wrong, honest or dishonest, fair or not fair, are Ethics. Recent financial scandals include: Enron, WorldCom, HealthSouth, AIG, and others. Congress passed Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Effective financial reporting depends on sound ethical behavior.

Ethics Review Question Ethics are the standards of conduct by which one's actions are judged as: right or wrong. honest or dishonest. fair or not fair. all of these options.

What is the difference between a service business and a manufacturing business? Service business: performs an activity for a fee Manufacturing business: produces a product for a fee

Service or Manufacturing? The Gap Glendale Medical Center Handy Man Ford Motor Company The Chase Manhattan Bank Michigan City Animal Hospital Prudential Insurance Company of America Bethlehem Steel Corporation

Forms of Business Ownership Proprietorship Partnership Corporation Generally owned by one person. Often small service-type businesses Owner receives any profits, suffers any losses, and is personally liable for all debts. Owned by two or more persons. Often retail and service-type businesses Generally unlimited personal liability Partnership agreement Ownership divided into shares of stock Separate legal entity organized under state corporation law Limited liability Service Cost - Actuaries compute service cost as the present value of the new benefits earned by employees during the year. Future salary levels considered in calculation. Interest on Liability - Interest accrues each year on the PBO just as it does on any discounted debt. Actual Return on Plan Assets - Increase in pension funds from interest, dividends, and realized and unrealized changes in the fair market value of the plan assets. Amortization of Unrecognized Prior Service Cost - The cost of providing retroactive benefits is allocated to pension expense in the future, specifically to the remaining service-years of the affected employees. Gain or Loss - Volatility in pension expense can be caused by sudden and large changes in the market value of plan assets and by changes in the projected benefit obligation. Two items comprise the gain or loss: difference between the actual return and the expected return on plan assets and, amortization of the unrecognized net gain or loss from previous periods

What is your favorite part of unloading the dishwasher?

The Basic Accounting Equation Assets Liabilities Owners’ Equity = + Assets Anything of value Resources a business owns. Provide future services or benefits. Cash, Supplies, Equipment, etc.

The Basic Accounting Equation Assets Liabilities Owners’ Equity = + Liabilities Amount owed by a business Claims against assets (debts and obligations). Creditors - party to whom money is owed. Accounts payable, Notes payable, etc.

The Basic Accounting Equation Assets Liabilities Owners’ Equity = + Owners’ Equity The amount remaining after the value of all liabilities is subtracted from the value of assets Ownership claim on total assets. Referred to as residual equity. Capital, Drawings, etc. (Proprietorship or Partnership).

Assets Liabilities Owners’ Equity = + MUST ALWAYS BALANCE!!!!

Create a list of accounts for yourself Assets Car House Clothing Shoes DVD Collection Furniture

Liabilities Student Loans Mortgage Car loan

Owners Equity Assets – Liabilities…..