10 Chapter 10 Travel and Tourism

Objectives Define travel and tourism. Understand the scope of tourism. Identify and explain tourism types. Describe technology advances in tourism.

Tourism Defined World’s largest industry Tourism Activities of persons traveling and staying in places outside their usual environment Divided into domestic and international tourism Outbound and inbound tourism Inbound tourism is when visitors from one country com to visit another country. Outbound tourism is when residents of one country leave and visit a different country International tourism is both inbound and outbound.

Tourism Defined (cont’d) Three elements of tourism Local commercial recreation Theaters, festivals, water parks Travel Movement of people from place to place Airlines, buses, trains Hospitality Vast system of accommodations, food, and beverages

Scope of Tourism 8.6% of the gross domestic product in the U.S. (approximately $1,348.2 billion) Nation’s second-largest employer 5,569,500 jobs; second to health care Personal travel and tourism accounted for $641.4 billion in spending Business travel accounted for another $234 billion 62.7 million people coming into the U.S. in 2011 60.7 million U.S. people traveling to other countries

Scope of Tourism Canada, Mexico, and Great Britain are the countries that are most likely to have their residents come to the U.S.

Tourism Types: Cruises 80+ cruise ship lines worldwide - 48.4% owned by Carnival & 23.3% by Royal Caribbean 18.4 million customers in 2013 from United States 238 different cruise liners in operation Wide variety of cruise ship opportunities (i.e., themes, levels of luxury)

Tourism Types: Cultural and Historical Attending major performing arts festivals, visiting famous art museums, music events Experience people and history to better understand how the culture emerged. Interest in being exposed to new and different cultures Pennsylvania Amish, French Canadian Gallic communities, Native American reservations Heritage tourism Old mines, factories, to bring back past

Ancestral Tourism Ancestral tourism focuses on individuals who focus on traveling to historic sites or visiting locations where ancestors were known to reside or originate.

Tourism Types: Sport Participant Sports tournaments Spectator Super Bowl, NCAA tournament, LPGA Experience 1896 Olympic stadium in downtown Athens; Coliseum in Rome; Basketball Hall of Fame Fantasy camps

Tourism Types: Religion The fastest growing segment Pilgrimages Mecca Western Wall in Jerusalem Missionary travel Conventions and crusades Attractions Vatican Reclining Buddha Bullet 3: spelled out ampersand Sub-bullets 1-2: revised round bullets to en dashes for differentiation Master edit: Update copyright to 2015

Tourism Types: Health-Related Wellness destinations such as health spas Exercise, nutrition, massage, yoga Medical and surgical care India, Thailand, and Brazil

Tourism Types: Ecotourism and Adventure Travel “Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people” Sustainable tourism Volun-tourists Adventure recreation Ecotourism is the responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people and  is about uniting, conservation, and sustainable travel. Sustainable tourism advocates tourism activities that are compatible with the ecological processes, sociocultural characteristics, and economic structure of the destinations and that enhance the geographical character of the place. An example of volunteer tourism is the Cultural Restoration Project sets up trips to renovate Buddhist temples in Nepal and to do relief work in India An example of adventure tourism is white water rafting or the opportunity to track down tornadoes. Source: International Ecotourism Society (IETS)

Tourism Types: Hedonistic Forms Gambling – the most popular Sex tourism

Tourism Types: Hosteling Low-cost accommodations where people rent a bed in a dormitory-style facility Traditionally been places in the countryside for young hikers to stop off for the night before continuing on their trek Known for social aspects Master edit: Update copyright to 2015

Source: International Culinary Tourism Association (ICTA) Tourism Types: Food “The pursuit and enjoyment of unique and memorable food and drink experiences” Attending cooking schools, visiting cooking supply stores, culinary tours, attending food festivals, visiting farmers’ markets, or going to wineries and distilleries The increase in food tourism is quite evident on television channels as the Food Network and the Travel Channel which has helped to spark the food tourism Source: International Culinary Tourism Association (ICTA)

Technology and Tourism Internet surpassed word of mouth as primary source of travel information Popular websites and apps TripAdvisors.com ZoomAndGo.com Social media Smartphones GPS Tickets Language translation