When you see the pencil appear, fill in the information in red on your info-graphic guided notes page. © Karalynn Tyler 2015

Citizenship is… Law of the Land Law of Blood Naturalization A citizen is a member of a political community with rights and responsibilities. After the Civil War, Congress passed the 14th Amendment to the Constitution that helps clarify who is a citizen of the United States. There are three ways someone can become a citizen of the United States. The 14th Amendment says anyone born in the U.S. is a citizen and has Constitutional rights. Law of the Land Law of Blood Naturalization © Karalynn Tyler 2015

Citizenship: Law of the Land This is the most common form of citizenship. It applies to anyone born in the United States or any of its territories: District of Columbia (Washington D.C.), Puerto Rico, Guam, U.S. Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, and America Samoa. Law of the Land People born in the United States or U.S. territories are automatically U.S. citizens. Most common form of citizenship. © Karalynn Tyler 2015

Citizenship: Law of Blood Law of blood applies to people born to American parents. If a child is born in a foreign country and one or both parents are United States citizens, they are automatically a U.S. citizen as long as one or both parents have lived in the United States for at least 5 years. Law of Blood People born in a foreign country to one or two parents who are U.S. citizens. At least one parent must have lived in the U.S. for at least 5 years. © Karalynn Tyler 2015

Citizenship: Naturalization People who were born in a foreign country and move to the United States legally by obtaining a VISA can go through the process of becoming Naturalized. They can apply for naturalization once they’ve lived in the U.S. for five years. Naturalization Naturalization is the process for immigrants to become American citizens. Applicants must: Have come to the U.S. legally Have good moral character Read, write, & speak English Take an oath of allegiance to the U.S. Pass a citizenship test © Karalynn Tyler 2015

Non-Citizen Residents There are people living in the United States who are not citizens. They are called “aliens” because they are not from this country. Foreign citizens can come live in the U.S. legally by obtaining an immigrant visa. They need to have a permanent U.S. citizen sponsor them. This could be a relative, spouse, or potential employer. There are legal forms to fill out and monetary fees to pay. An application for an immigration visa can be denied. Many people request a visa to work or attend college in the U.S. An immigrant living in the U.S. legally on a visa is called a “Resident Alien”. Visas have an expiration date and the immigrant must either renew or return to their home country. Resident Alien: Illegal Alien: A person from a foreign country who has legal permission to live in the U.S. © Karalynn Tyler 2015

Non-Citizen Residents An immigrant can be granted permanent residency for a variety of reasons. The U.S. has quotas, or a maximum number allowed each year, for immigrants they give permanent resident status. Examples: Resident Alien: Illegal Alien: A person from a foreign country who has legal permission to live in the U.S. An immigrant who comes to the U.S. without a legal permit. Family-Sponsored Employment-Based Refugees Sometimes immigrants come into the United States without going through the legal process. They cross the border of Canada or Mexico illegally. An immigrant who comes to live in the U.S. illegally is called an Illegal Alien. Another common term is “Undocumented Worker”. © Karalynn Tyler 2015

U.S. Citizens Non-Citizens Both -Vote in Elections -Can become Naturalized Both -Can get a U.S. Passport -Apply for a work visa -Must obey laws -Run for public office -Can be deported -Pay income taxes -Can serve on a Jury -Pay sales taxes © Karalynn Tyler 2015

Responsibilities of Citizenship Free speech! Rights of Citizenship Responsibilities of Citizenship -Constitutional Rights -Bill of Rights! -Register to Vote -Obey laws -Right to own property -Pay Taxes -Right to Vote -Jury Duty -Equality under the law -Become Educated -Freedom from discrimination -Respect the rights of others © Karalynn Tyler 2015