Chapter 15: Offshoring and supply chains Charles van Marrewijk International Trade Chapter 15: Offshoring and supply chains

15.2 the hard-disk drive value chain

Japan USA Taiwan Hong Kong Mexico China Philippines Indonesia Thailand Cover, Disk, Screw, Seal, Ramp, Top Clamp, Latch, Plate Case, Label, Filter PCBA, Suspension Japan 15.3 hard disk drive supply chain in Thailand Disk, Head, Suspension USA Top Clamp Taiwan Filter Cap Hong Kong Head Mexico PCBA, Carriage, HGA, Base, Head, Suspension China Damping Plate, Coil Support, PCBA Philippines Suspension, VCM, PCBA Indonesia Thailand Spindle motor, Base, Carriage, Flex cable, Pivot Singapore Cover, Screw, Pivot, PC ADP, Disc Seal, VCM, Top cover, PCBA, HGA, HAS Base, Pivot, Spacer, VCM, Base Card, Top Clamp, Disk Malaysia

15.4 global trade flows and value-added over gross trade ratio, 1995-2009 gross trade flows (value added / gross) ratio in per cent, right-hand scale value added trade flows

15.5 value-added trade; per cent of gross export, 2009 bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports in respective year

15.6 vertical FDI decision process America Headquarter services America China manufacturing manufacturing compare total costs

15.7 characterization of main vertical FDI regimes   capital vertical multinationals Factor Price Equalization no vertical multinationals vertical multinationals   labour

15.8 stage offshoring and wage inequality      

15.9 firm heterogeneity and vertical FDI multinational   domestic   exit        

15.10 domestic and foreign sourcing in Spain density domestic sourcing foreign sourcing firm productivity

15.11 backward and forward linkages in value-added trade gross exports 100% RIM; re-imported, 1% America Sector 1   America Sector 2   America Sector 3 DDC 46% IDC 29% FVA 24% border direct indirect foreign border     China Sector 1 China Sector 3 domestic value added 76% backward linkages FNL 27% INT 49% final intermediate     forward linkages

15.12 domestic value added as share of gross exports (%), 2011 bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports

15.13 backward and forward linkages, 2011 bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports

15.14 sum of backward and forward linkages in 1995 and 2011 bubbles proportional to per cent of gross exports in respective year

15.15 global average Grubel-Lloyd index, per 3-digit sector at 5-digit level, % bubbles proportional to per cent of global trade flows

15.16 Grubel-Lloyd index per country; trade-weighted average, 5 digit level bubbles proportional to per cent of population

15.17 Grubel-Lloyd index by income group; trade-weighted, 5 digit level

15.18 organizational sorting in Spain foreign outsourcing density domestic integration domestic outsourcing foreign integration firm productivity