Hinduism Aim: What are the basic beliefs and aspects of Hinduism? Do Now: What happened to the Harappan civilization?

Disappearance 1600 B.C. Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa abandoned May never know why Possibly natural disaster People from north migrate to Indus Valley Aryan people – central Asian people

Aryans 1500 B.C. – move into Indus Valley Herders from Central Asia Harappan and Aryan cultures start to blend together

Ancient Writings Aryan songs about how the world works Passed down by oral tradition Written down around 600 B.C. Vedas – “Books of Knowledge” – books of songs

Vedas First building blocks of Hinduism Told how Hindus should live and explained life World run by gods and goddesses

Reincarnation Constant cycle of birth where person comes back in their next life Bad deeds must be paid off in next life servants Good deeds are rewarded Priests and the rich

Caste System Organizing people into social classes Place in society is determined by family born into Caste system

Dharma Laws and responsibilities found in Vedas Provide order Right way to live Hundreds of rules Provide order Karma – good or bad things that result from following or not following dharma Good dharma = good karma

Homework Paragraph – What are the basic beliefs and aspects of Hinduism? Be specific! START WORKING NOW Aryans, Vedas, dharma, karma, caste system, reincarnation

HOMEWORK Hinduism worksheet PARAGRAPH (7-12 sentences) Explain the Harappan civilization IN DETAIL and how it came to an end. Be specific! Use details from notes and worksheets

Hinduism Aim: What are the basic beliefs and aspects of Hinduism? Do Now: Take out homework – Caste System worksheet. Why do you think Brahmins were at the top of the Caste System?

Aim: How did the religion of Buddhism begin?

Buddhism Aim: What are the basic beliefs of Buddhism? Do Now: What are the 4 realizations? (Try to remember without looking at notes)

Siddhartha Gautama Estimated lived between 550 and 450 B.C. Son of King in northern India Next in line to become king King protects son from life’s suffering/reality

Siddhartha Gautama Surrounded by riches and beauty inside palace walls Travel outside walls Witnesses reality Sickness Old age Death Saw monk who was at peace

Siddhartha Gautama Decides to leave palace Give up all his possessions and become a monk Find the meaning of life

The Buddha Search for wisdom by talking with Hindu priests and meditation Found wisdom under a fig tree Buddha – “the Awakened One”

Teachings of the Buddha Reincarnation Karma Goal – reach peace by ending suffering

Teachings of the Buddha Four Noble Truths Life is filled with suffering Suffering is caused by people’s wants. People may want more pleasure, more power, or a longer life Suffering can be ended if people stop wanting things To stop wanting things, people must follow eight basic laws

Teachings of the Buddha Eightfold Path – eight basic instructions on the proper way to live Middle Way – this path of life is neither too strict nor too easy

Hinduism and Buddhism Review Take out Review Sheet Homework – STUDY FOR QUIZ TOMORROW Do Now: What are the Four Noble Truths based on?

Indian Independence Aim: How did Gandhi fight for Indian independence? Do Now: What do you know about Gandhi?

British Control Europe “discovers” India in 1500s British East India Company Trade with India in 1600s-1800s Increasing control of the area Indian Rebellion – 1857 British expands control and India now a colony

Gandhi 1869-1948 Educated in Britain Protest against Britain Lawyer Worked in South Africa Experience discrimination Protest against Britain Civil disobedience – peaceful refusal to obey laws that seem unjust

Gandhi Successful in protests Indian freedom in 1947 Split between Muslims and Hindus Pakistan is created for Muslims Gandhi assassinated in 1948

How did Gandhi fight for Indian independence? Paragraph - Homework How did Gandhi fight for Indian independence? How can Gandhi still be inspiring to Americans today?