Section 20.2

What You’ll Learn How to recognize those areas of employment that must be included in any collective bargaining process (p. 442) How to identify the objectives of the Taft-Hartley Act (p. 443)

What You’ll Learn How to identify the goal of the Landrum-Griffin Act (p. 444) How to identify child labor laws (p. 445)

Why It’s Important You need to know the laws that protect union activities because you may be asked to join a union in the future.

Legal Terms closed shop (p. 444) union shop (p. 444) right-to-work laws (p. 444) featherbedding (p. 444) child labor laws (p. 445)

Section Outline Regulating Collective Bargaining Wagner Act Taft-Hartley Act Landrum-Griffin Act

Section Outline Regulating the Employment of Minors State Child Labor Laws Federal Child Labor Laws Industry-Education Cooperation

Pre-Learning Question What laws regulate the process of collective bargaining?

Regulating Collective Bargaining The government has played an active role in regulating collective bargaining. In the past, the courts held collective bargaining to be an illegal conspiracy; however, eventually the government began to encourage it.

Regulating Collective Bargaining Laws that address collective bargaining include The Wagner Act The Taft-Hartley Act The Landrum-Griffin Act

Wagner Act The first federal law addressing collective bargaining was the National Labor Relations Act of 1935, also called the Wagner Act.

Wagner Act The purpose of this act was to encourage collective bargaining, discourage certain unfair labor practices, and provide federal assistance in obtaining fair bargaining.

Wagner Act The Wagner Act also established guidelines for determining which employment concerns had to be included in the collective bargaining process.

Wagner Act The act states that employers must negotiate Wages Hours Conditions of employment

Taft-Hartley Act Many people felt that the Wagner Act gave too great an advantage to the union bargaining unit. Consequently, it was amended in 1947 by the Labor-Movement Relations Act, also known as the Taft-Hartley Act.

Taft-Hartley Act The purpose of the Taft-Hartley Act was to equalize the power of labor and management.

Taft-Hartley Act This act Provided for 60-day “cooling off” period. Made the closed shop illegal. Allowed for the union shop. Allowed states to pass right-to-work laws.

Taft-Hartley Act A closed shop is a business or company that requires a person to be a union member before being hired.

Taft-Hartley Act In contrast, a union shop is a business in which a worker must join the union within 30 days after being employed.

Taft-Hartley Act Right-to-work laws are state laws that prohibit union shops.

Taft-Hartley Act Featherbedding, or assigning more employees to a job than are actually needed, and pressure exerted by a union to retain unnecessary employees are prohibited by the Taft-Hartley Act.

Landrum-Griffin Act The Wagner Act was further amended in 1959 by the Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, or the Landrum-Griffin Act.

Landrum-Griffin Act Its primary goal was to stop corruption in the unions. Under provisions in this act, all unions must register their constitutions and bylaws with the Secretary of Labor.

Match the labor law with its name. This law equalized the power of labor and management. (a) Wagner Act This was the first federal law to address collective bargaining. (b) Taft-Hartley Act This law was enacted to stop corruption in the unions. (c) Landrum-Griffin Act

ANSWER B A C

Pre-Learning Question How is the employment of minors regulated?

Regulating the Employment of Minors During the industrial revolution, children were often exploited by employers. To prevent such abuse, laws were enacted to protect children who enter the labor force.

State Child Labor Laws Child labor laws, or laws that control the work that children are permitted to do, developed slowly.

State Child Labor Laws In 1842, Massachusetts and Connecticut passed laws limiting the amount of hours that a child could work. By 1930, only 44 states had child labor laws dealing with nonmanufacturing occupations.

Federal Child Labor Laws A positive step in federal child labor laws was the child labor portion of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as updated in 1974.

Federal Child Labor Laws There are many exceptions to the minimum wage and maximum hours rules in the Fair Labor Standards Act.

Federal Child Labor Laws They include Working in agriculture after school hours Child actors Children working for their parents in jobs other than manufacturing Children delivering newspapers

Industry-Education Cooperation Effective control of child labor requires the help of industry and schools.

Reviewing What You Learned Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned What employment areas must be included in any collective bargaining process?

Reviewing What You Learned Answer Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned Answer Wages, hours, and conditions of employment.

Reviewing What You Learned Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned What are the objectives of the Taft-Hartley Act?

Reviewing What You Learned Answer Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned Answer To equalize the power of labor and management.

Reviewing What You Learned Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned What is the goal of the Landrum-Griffin Act?

Reviewing What You Learned Answer Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned Answer To stop corruption in unions.

Reviewing What You Learned What are child labor laws? Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned What are child labor laws?

Reviewing What You Learned Answer Section 20.2 Assessment Reviewing What You Learned Answer Laws that control the work that children are permitted to do.

Critical Thinking Activity Collective Bargaining Section 20.2 Assessment Critical Thinking Activity Collective Bargaining Why did the courts once believe that collective bargaining was an illegal conspiracy?

Critical Thinking Activity Answer Collective Bargaining Section 20.2 Assessment Critical Thinking Activity Answer Collective Bargaining Answers will vary, but could recognize that conspiracy means for people to come together to plan a crime. Government could have seen collective bargaining as workers coming together to plan to defraud their employer.

Legal Skills in Action Child Labor Section 20.2 Assessment Legal Skills in Action Child Labor Your friend, Felicia, has threatened to complain to the Secretary of Labor because her parents have put her to work on the family farm after school.

Legal Skills in Action Child Labor Section 20.2 Assessment Legal Skills in Action Child Labor Write a letter to Felicia explaining whether her complaint is justified.

Legal Skills in Action Answer Section 20.2 Assessment Legal Skills in Action Answer Child Labor Letters should include that minors between 14 and 16 may be employed in jobs other than those covered by the Fair Labor Standards Acts, which includes children working in agriculture after school hours.

End of Section 20.2