Unit 4 Sub-Saharan Africa Test Review

A constant power struggle between the Hutus and the Tutsis led to a civil war and genocide in what country? Rwanda What was responsible for the formation of Africa’s major valleys, lakes, and volcanoes? plate tectonics

What is the source of the Nile River? Lake Victoria What is the term used to describe tropical grasslands? savanna What is “a region drained by a river system?” basin

to keep order among rival groups What is the main reason why many people of sub-Saharan Africa lack fresh water? poor sanitation What is one reason that many African nations have had military dictatorships? to keep order among rival groups

What term is used for a country in which government, economic systems, and civil order have broken down? failed state What is the legal separation of the races, denying black South Africans their rights? apartheid

Niger River Congo River

A person who flees a place to find safety is called what? refugee __________ is an outbreak of a disease affecting a great number of the population in a particular community. epidemic

Who was the first black African elected president of South Africa? Why does Southern Africa have the highest standard of living in Sub-Saharan Africa? abundant mineral resources rich and varied wildlife fertile volcanic soil large navigable rivers  Who was the first black African elected president of South Africa? Nelson Mandela

In what region of Sudan have religious and ethnic differences led to conflict forcing millions to flee to neighboring countries such as Chad? Darfur What is the semiarid grassland that separates the Sahara in the north from the tropical grassland in the south? sahel

What term describes a disease that spreads over a large area? What is the term for a gradual transition from fertile to less productive land? desertification What term describes a disease that spreads over a large area? pandemic

What was the long-term effect of the African slave trade? dramatic but not long-lasting in any part of the world still seen both inside and outside of Africa today limited to the African communities that were destroyed more pronounced in the Americas than in Africa 

colonialism conversion industrialism imperialism  What policy led European countries to try to gain power by controlling Africa and its resources? colonialism conversion industrialism imperialism 

1 Sudan 2 Nigeria 3 South Africa

What did South Africa experience for the first time in 1994? How does the Congo Basin differ from most other parts of Sub-Saharan Africa? more humidity What did South Africa experience for the first time in 1994? an election in which all races could vote

Why haven’t African nations benefited more from their mineral wealth? corrupt governments What is the name of the process that alters the land through the action of humans…by the massive removal of trees? deforestation

What two regions does the Sahel lie between? desert and grasslands How has human activity affected the Sahel? poor use of resources has made the soil less fertile