Road to revolution

Key Vocabulary smuggling boycott admiralty court import tariff

A. The Rights of An Englishman American colonists were still “Englishmen” Most Englishmen (Americans) were aware of their “rights” through two documents. Magna Carta Citizens must approve taxes – no taxation without representation: people must be consulted Trial by jury – citizens determine outcome of legal cases English Bill of Rights Power of the king should be limited by Parliament Religious freedom Rule of Law Laws must be clear, well-understood, and fairly enforced. Everyone must follow the law, including the king

B. Representative Government Examples of Representative Government House of Burgesses Property qualification to vote Controlled by the elite Planters New England town meetings At first, only Puritans could vote Eventually, all male property owners Colonial Assemblies All 13 colonies had assemblies People elected men to represent them All colonies had some type of voting qualification (True democracy???) Salutary Neglect Assemblies are seen as their government Power to tax, even if unpopular

C. End of Salutary Neglect French and Indian War Admiralty courts – military trials American smugglers Violated the “trial by jury” belief War Debt King George wants colonies to pay for the defense of America Hires George Grenville to create a taxation plan to get England out of debt Proclamation of 1763 King forbids any Americans from settling across the Appalachian Mountains Motivated to keep another war from happening, keep Americans away from natives King George III

EOC Practice Question The use of admiralty courts by King George III violated which important democratic principle according to American colonists? Freedom of religion Trial by jury Freedom of speech Rule of law

EOC Practice Question Which statement best analyzes King George III’s motivation for passing the Proclamation of 1763? The king wanted the colonies to pay taxes to make up for the debt incurred by the French and Indian War. The king wanted to prevent future conflicts with the French and Indians by limiting the settlement of Americans. The king wanted to establish that he and Parliament had ultimate authority to pass any laws necessary over the colonies. The king officially declared the end of salutary neglect and declared martial law in the American colonies.

D. Protests Lead To War Parliament begins passing laws to get revenue from colonies Sugar Act Stamp Act Townshend Acts Tea Act Intolerable (Coercive) Acts

Colonists reaction Sugar Act Smuggling Admiralty Courts Americans Protest

Sons and Daughters of Liberty Stamp Act Congress Boycotts Organize boycotts and resistance Declare that only colonial assemblies can tax Refused to import/buy British goods (Non-importation) Stamp Act repealed by Parliament

King sends troops to be stationed in colonies Americans taunt and sabotage British troops Boston Massacre

Townshend Acts Boycott Tea Act Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts

Committees of Correspondence British learn about arms being stored British march to Lexington and Concord American Militia fire on British troops

Key Points American colonists were NOT protesting having to pay taxes or that they were too high, only that Parliament was passing taxes on them and the colonial assemblies were not consulted. American colonists did NOT want representation in Parliament because they would have been outvoted anyway. American colonists did NOT want to create a new government, they wanted to keep the one they had with the colonial assemblies. Americans wanted to rule themselves = SALUTARY NEGLECT, but England was no longer willing!!!!

Who does the act target? Is it direct or indirect? Name of the Act What does the act tax? Who does the act target? Is it direct or indirect? What is the reaction of the colonists? OR What is the outcome of the event? Sugar Act Stamp Act Townshend Acts Tea Act Intolerable Acts