American Antisemitism According to Leonard Dinnerstein, author of Anti- Semitism in America, “By 1943 hostility toward Jews in the United States had grown enormously and had assumed unprecedented proportions.”

Father Coughlin and the “Coughlinites” A priest from Michigan Staunch anti-Semite. Published numerous anti-Semitic articles in his weekly newspaper, Social Justice Made anti-Semitic statements during his radio shows Was a Nazi Sympathizer Encouraged his followers, known as, Coughlin-ites, to denounce the Roosevelt administration and the Jewish influence

Started in 1940, America First was one of the leading anti-interventionist groups in the U.S. and became a haven for antisemetic rhetoric Evidence for: Social Justice endorsed the America First movement in 88 articles September 11, 1941 speech in Des Moines Quotes from America First Members “Both Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt are Jewish and so are 90 percent of the New Dealers” “Jews are now in possession of our government and are causing the panic and wars that ruin everybody” Senator Nye, another America First supporter, denounced Jewish producers in Hollywood for allegedly making movies designed to win support for American entry into the European war AMERICA FIRST

“Lucky Lindy” becomes a spokesman "Who Are the War Agitators?" Lindbergh claimed the three groups, "pressing this country toward war are the British, the Jews, and the Roosevelt Administration" “{Jewish} large ownership and influence in our motion pictures, our press, our radio and our government” America First rally in Iowa (September 11, 1941)

Dr. Seuss Fights Anti-Semitism

Not bad, Coughlin, from March 30 1942

Still Cooking with Goebbels Gas, published in February of 1942

Coughlin-ites, from March 3, 1942

The Great U.S. Side Show, published on July 8, 1941

Foreign Children, published on October 1, 1941

Spreading the lovely Goebbels stuff, published on September 18 1941

Put your finger here, pal..., published on December 16 1942

Come on, Sam... Try the great German manicure, published on April 1, 1942

Anti-Semitism in the Work force Author Richard H. Minear explains that, “post Lindbergh, Dr. Seuss saved some of his most biting cartoons for issues with Anti-black racism and anti- Semitism in the workforce” Dr. Seuss criticizes American employers who pretend to support a war for democracy while at the same time restrict the rights and opportunities of other Americans I'll run Democracy's War. You stay in your Jim Crow tanks, published on April 14, 1942

The Effects of anti-Semitism After America’s entry into the war, Dr. Seuss made only one cartoon depicting the murder of the Jews of Europe Dr. Seuss chose Pierre Laval as his topic Under Laval’s leadership, Vichy France deported foreign Jews from French soil to the Nazi death camps.

It is safe to assume that Dr It is safe to assume that Dr. Seuss choose lynching as this would be a type of racial violence familiar to most Americans Only God can make a tree to furnish sport for you and me, published on July 20, 1942

Madison Square Garden 1937 ran by Rabbi Steven Wise

Roosevelt’s Role Condemns the civil liberty attacks but because it was politically unpopular to give refuge to the Jews, he stayed quiet on the issue State office was strictly against Jewish Assistance especially with regards to refugees, refuses to raise quotas

Evian Conference No one wanted to except more refugees and as a result Nazi’s used this as propaganda that other countries felt the same way about Jews….Later in 1943 there was the Bermuda Conference with similar results State Department figures such as Breckinridge Long (assistant secretary of State) did everything they could to dissuade the admittance of Jews Conference to promote the emigration of Austrian and German Jewish refugees and create an international organization whose purpose would be to deal with the general refugee problem. Total failure!!!

Wagner-Rogers Bill (1939) The Wagner–Rogers Bill was proposed United States legislation which would have increased the quota of immigrants by bringing a total of 20,000 Jewish children under the age of 14 to the United States from Nazi Germany. IT FAILED TO COME UP FOR A VOTE!!!! Year later a bill to accept Britain's children passed with overwhelming support Laura Delano (FDR’s Cousin) 20000 charming children would all to soon grow into 20000 ugly adults”

The Plight of the St. Louis June 6, 1939 The Plight of the St. Louis St. Louis ship carrying over 900 Jews asked America to grant them amnesty. The U.S. does not …Some will later become victims of the Holocaust

To what extend is it appropriate to compare these historical events? Just like the Nuremburg Laws, America once restricted certain rights of its citizens and as we discussed in the 1920’s, America also participated in eugenics policies against its own citizens. To what extend is it appropriate to compare these historical events?

Could America have played a bigger role in stopping the Holocaust? As early as 1942 FDR is aware of the mass killings, he stood by the policy that the best way to help was to stay on the objective of defeating the Nazi’s

“I can only hope and expect that the other world, which has such deep sympathy for these criminals, will at least be generous enough to convert this sympathy into practical aid. We, on our part, are ready to put all these criminals at the disposal of these countries, for all I care, even on luxury ships”