Food & Supplement Labels Food Labels List of Ingredients Nutrition Facts Panel Claims Supplement Regulations & Claims DSHEA Food Certifications Organic & Fair Trade Nutrition 10

List of Ingredients Listed in descending order, by weight To choose Whole Wheat Bread: Look for whole wheat (grain) as first ingredient. If “wheat” is first ingredient, NOT whole wheat “wheat flour” is missing fiber and 10 vit. & min. Check for “partially hydrogenated oil” or “hydrogenated oil” (this means trans fat) Can be labeled “No Trans fat” if <0.5 grams of transfat per serving Nutrition 10

Nutrition Facts on Label Serving Size How many servings do you eat? The % DV indicates the amount that ONE SERVING contributes Standard servings sizes for each type of food The Daily Value is scientifically agreed upon daily intake of nutrients. Based on 2,000 calorie diet. Nutrition 10

Nutrition Facts % Daily Value (DV) Helpful to increase or decrease nutrients <5% of DV is low >20% of DV is high Required to provide % DV for 4 vitamins & minerals: Vitamin A & C, Calcium & Iron If label claims “Good source of…” or “fortified”, must provide % DV for that specific nutrient. Nutrition 10

% Fat Claim on Label Refers to % fat by weight NOT calories To find % fat by calories use this formula: (total fat grams) x (9 cal/gram) ÷ (total calories) x 100 = % fat

37% of the calories come from fat Nutrition Facts % Fat from Calories Serving Size 1 cup   Calories 122 Total Fat 5 g Saturated Fat 3 g 5 x 9 = 45 calories from fat 45 ÷ 122 calories = 0.3688 0.37 x 100 = 37% 37% of the calories come from fat

Nutrient Claims – FDA defined Good Source: If food contains 10-19% Daily Value for specific nutrient, example: “good source of Vitamin C”. High/Excellent: If a food contains  20% Daily Value for specific nutrient, example: “high fiber”. Nutrition 10

Claims on Labels “Natural” “No added hormones” on poultry label FDA – no standard definition “No added hormones” on poultry label Hormones not given to poultry since 1950’s Look for “NO ANTIBIOTICS” “Cage free” Chickens are raised in cage free barns (as seen in Food Inc.), most raised in enclosed buildings. Look for “Free-Range” Jan 2015: all eggs sold in CA come from chickens that are caged but have room to turn around and fully extend wings Organic chickens and eggs: Not caged. Birds must have access to outside with shade & shelter. No antibiotics allowed. Nutrition 10

Supplement Regulations & Claims

Dietary Supplements Do not have to prove they are safe Do not have to prove they are effective Product label may not contain all the ingredients in declared amounts Product may contain ingredients not listed

DSHEA - Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act A legislative act passed in 1994. Broadened the regulatory definition of dietary supplements Altered the FDA oversight of supplement products.

DSHEA Requirements Safety: Supplement company not required to test product for safety FDA can only step in if product proven to cause harm Effectiveness: Supplement company does not have to prove product does what it claims. Claims: “energy enhancer”, “builds muscle”, “boosts immune system” Not reviewed by FDA. Based on companies interpretation of scientific studies. Must include disclaimer

Disclaimer Statement “This statement has not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose treat, cure or prevent any disease”.

Challenge Statement: REVISED Turn over notecard. Title CS REVISED. Which statement do you agree with? Supplements are regulated by the FDA. Supplements are tested for effectiveness prior to marketing the product Supplements do not have to prove they are safe. Write the answer on your notecard

DSHEA Label Requirement Label must include Facts Panel & list of ingredients Appearance very similar to Nutrition Facts on food Food regulated by FDA; supplements are not May contain ingredients not on label, omit ingredients stated on label.

USDA Organic Standards: Plants: Grown in soils NOT treated with conventional pesticides, fertilizers or herbicides for at least 3 years Produced without GE seeds Animals: Given organic feed. Raised WITHOUT antibiotics Can NOT be raised in “factory-like” confinement conditions. Must have access to outdoors. Nutrition 10

Organic Certification Contains ONLY organic ingredients excluding water and salt “Organic” USDA/Organic seal identifies products with at least 95% organic ingredients. ----------------------------------------------- “Made with organic ingredients” Contains at least 70% organic ingredients. CAN NOT use USDA Organic seal Nutrition 10

Fair Trade Certification An international movement committed to farmers receiving a fair price (living wage) for their production of food products Benefits go directly to farmers and their communities. Over 1 million farmers in 58 developing countries across Africa, Asia and Latin America are Fair Trade Certified. Nutrition 10

Fair Trade Principles: Fair Prices: Farm co-ops receive a guaranteed minimum floor price Fair Working Conditions: Workers have safe working conditions. Forced child labor is prohibited Direct Trade: Importers purchase from Fair Trade co-ops directly Democratic Decisions: Co-op members decide democratically how to use their fair trade revenues. They invest in business development, equipment, training and organic certification Environmentally Sustainable: Farming system protects the farmer’s health and preserves the environment for future generations. Genetically engineered seeds are prohibited Nutrition 10

Fair Trade Fair Trade USA Non-profit organization in Oakland www.fairtradeusa.org Leading certifier of Fair Trade products in U.S. Products meet the Fair Trade principles & display the Fair Trade label (above label) Certified products include: Coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar Fruit, flowers & cotton (apparel) Other Fair Trade Label – Max Havalar Nutrition 10

Fairtrade Video In 2011, Transfair changed it’s name to Fairtrade USA. In video they mention Transfair. Fairtrade USA & Transfair are same organization.